Introduction
Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States; nearly all tobacco product use begins during youth and young adulthood.
Methods
CDC, the Food and Drug Administration, and the National Cancer Institute analyzed data from the 2011–2018 National Youth Tobacco Surveys to estimate tobacco product use among U.S. middle and high school students. Prevalence estimates of current (past 30-day) use of seven tobacco products were assessed; differences over time were analyzed using multivariable regression (2011–2018) or t-test (2017–2018).
Results
In 2018, current use of any tobacco product was reported by 27.1% of high school students (4.04 million) and 7.2% of middle school students (840,000); electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) were the most commonly used product among high school (20.8%; 3.05 million) and middle school (4.9%; 570,000) students. Use of any tobacco product overall did not change significantly during 2011–2018 among either school level. During 2017–2018, current use of any tobacco product increased 38.3% (from 19.6% to 27.1%) among high school students and 28.6% (from 5.6% to 7.2%) among middle school students; e-cigarette use increased 77.8% (from 11.7% to 20.8%) among high school students and 48.5% (from 3.3% to 4.9%) among middle school students.
Conclusions and Implications for Public Health Practice
A considerable increase in e-cigarette use among U.S. youths, coupled with no change in use of other tobacco products during 2017–2018, has erased recent progress in reducing overall tobacco product use among youths. The sustained implementation of comprehensive tobacco control strategies, in coordination with Food and Drug Administration regulation of tobacco products, can prevent and reduce the use of all forms of tobacco products among U.S. youths.
We will demonstrate the ASA24, an automated, web‐based, self‐administered 24 hour dietary recall instrument. The application uses state‐of‐the‐art computer technology, including a tutorial, graphic enhancements, and animated characters with audio‐language cues to guide participants. Respondents select foods consumed from a list based on the US Department of Agriculture's (USDA) survey database. Respondents find foods by browsing through food groups or typing and searching. Detailed questions about reported food, adapted from USDA's Automated Multiple Pass Method (AMPM) used in national dietary surveillance, collect information about preparation methods, additions to food, and portion size. Up to 8 sequentially‐sized digital pictures aid respondents in reporting portions. Respondents are given multiple opportunities to edit their food lists. A validation study to compare ASA24 to an interviewer‐administered recall using the AMPM is planned. ASA24, publicly available, can be accessed by researchers and sent to participants over the Internet or administered in a clinic/office. ASA24 makes feasible the inexpensive administration of multiple days of recalls in large‐scale studies or clinical research, enhancing researchers' ability to assess usual dietary intakes. Support: NCI.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.