2394. Widespread and severe patchy atheromatous degeneration was present in all the major arteries.5 . There was moderate hypertrophy of the myocardium of the left ventricle.There were no macroscopic or microscopic features to other conditions that may be associated with aneurysm formation, such as Marfan's syndrome, coarctation of the aorta, syphilitic aortitis, or pregnancy.HISTOLOGICAL FINDINGS.-The sections of the aorta showed atheromatous thickening of the intima, together with degeneration of the medial lamina (Fig. 2 ) . The aneurysm was between the inner and outer layers of the medial lamina'and contained recent unlaminated thrombus, with only slight reactive changes at the margins.None of the sections showed any evidence of bonemarrow emboli.
In his Eulogy of Florence (Laudatio Florentinae Urbis) Leonardo Bruni praised her constitution for giving first place to justice, “without which no city can exist or deserve the name.” Moreover, he said, “Not only citizens, but aliens as well are protected by this commonwealth. It suffers injury to be done to no man, and endeavors to see to it that everyone, citizen or alien, shall receive the justice that is owing to him.” During Brum's own tenure as chancellor of Florence, however, we hear of a Jewish banker who was ruined by the heaviest fine in the history of the city after a trial that one modern scholar has described as a monstrous miscarriage of justice.
American and British writers have reinterpreted the English, American, French and Russian revolutions, but, since Motley, 2 have had little new to say about the Revolt of the Netherlands. My hypothesis is that the Revolt of the Netherlands was indeed a revolution comparable to and deserving a place of priority in the list of great revolutions which have ushered in modern times.Motley liked to compare the Revolt of the Netherlands with the American Revolution, but what appealed to him in both movements was that they were as he saw them really not very revolutionary. The claims of traditional states' rights were asserted against the innovations of a centralizing monarchy. Neither the Dutch nor the American movement was carried away by a Jacobin zeal for unity. Both were directed against a government which was distant and foreign: the struggle against foreign domination therefore filled the center of the picture of both rebellions, and obscured domestic changes which may have been drastic enough to deserve the term "revolutionary."Crane Brinton found that the four revolutions which he examined-the English, American, French and Russian-had enough in common to enable him to speak of an Anatomy of Revolution. 3 The Revolt of the Netherlands will not conform as nicely to his anatomical model, but it will be with his revolutions in mind that I would propose to look at what happened in the Netherlands, to determine whether the resemblance is close enough to justify calling the Revolt of the Netherlands a revolution in the sense that Brinton uses the term.Modern Dutch and Belgian historians are in general agreement that the Revolt was revolutionary in character, but have been engaged in sharp debate as to whether it was not more medieval than modern. 4 No new
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