A total of 1,007 clinical isolates from a tertiary care center were tested against RU 29246, ampicillin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, Augmentin, oxacillin, piperacillin, gentamicin, amikacin and vancomycin. Bacteria tested consisted of 479 strains of Entewbacteriaceae, 64pseudomonads, 18Xanthomonas, 42 other gram-negative bacilli, 56 enterococci and 348 isolates of staphylococci. RU 29246 showed excellent in vitro activity inhibiting > 90% of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, Enterobacter, Proteus mirabilis, Providencia, Morganella, Salmonella, Shigella, Aeromonas hydrophila, and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus at an MIC of 0.5-1.0 mg/l. Seventy-seven percent coagulase-negative staphylococci had an MIC of 1.0-4.0 mg/l. All strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and X. maltophilia were resistant to RU 29246. Fifty-six percent of the enterococcal isolates were inhibited by 1.0-16.0 mg/l of RU 29246.
A total of 3,144 clinical isolates from 3,011 consecutive patients were tested against lomefloxacin by the agar dilution method. They consisted of 1,380 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, 527 pseudomonads, 47 Haemophilus influenzae, 53 Acinetobacter, 42 Brucella melitensis, 903 staphylococci and 192 strains of enterococci. In vitro activity of lomefloxacin was compared with ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, β-lactams and aminoglycosides. Over 98% of Enterobacteriaceae were susceptible to lomefloxacin with an MIC of 0.06–4.0 μg/ml. It also inhibited 93 and 85% clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Xanthomonas maltophilia, respectively. All isolates of Haemophilus, Brucella and Staphylococcus aureus were susceptible to this fluoroquinolone. However, only 43% of the 192 strains of enterococci exhibited in vitro susceptibility. Lomefloxacin was found to be comparable to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin in its in vitro activity, and superior to most penicillins, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria except enterococci.
PD 131628 is a new fluoroquinolone undergoing preclinical investigations. The in vitro antibacterial activity of PD 131628 was determined against 922 strains of relatively resistant clinical isolates from a tertiary care centre, and activity was compared with ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ampicillin, cefalothin, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, piperacillin, oxacillin, gentamicin, amikacin, vancomycin and imipenem. The minimum inhibitory concentration of PD 131628 for 921 of the 922 isolates tested ranged between <0.03 mgJL and 1.0 mgJL. All strains of Xanthomonas mal· tophilia and enterococci were also inhibited by less than 2.0 mgJL of this fluoroquinolone. PD 131628 was found to be 2 to 4 times more effective than ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. Furthermore, PD 131628 did not exhibit cross-resistance with other fluoroquinolones, except against a single isolate of Escherichia coli, which was resistant to all the drugs tested except imipenem. PD 131628 was found to have greater inhibitory activity than all the other antimicrobial agents tested.
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