Gastrointestinal (GI) tract examination with spiral/helical computed tomography (CT) is currently performed by slice-based inspection of axial images. CT colography is a recent advance which allows an intraluminal visualization of the colon, similar to endoscopy. Various rendering algorithms have been developed with promising results, however navigation through the complex, tortuous anatomy of the colon can be time consuming in practice. In this paper, we propose an electrical-field-based method to unravel the convoluted colon, that is, to digitally straighten it with curved cross sections and flatten it over a plane. In our method, electrical charges are simulated along the central colon path. Curved cross sections are defined by the electrical force lines, and lead to consistent unraveling. It is demonstrated with image volumes of two patients that this technique produces a global planar view of complicated colon features with a potential for detection of polyps.
Eight patients with culture-proven Mycobacterium marinum synovitis had synovial specimens with a remarkably similar histologic appearance. There was considerable synovial hyperplasia, and the synovium was thickened by a moderately intense lymphohistiocytic infiltrate, notably devoid of plasma cells. Fibrin covered some synovial surfaces. Giant cells were both of the Langerhans' and foreign body types. Granulomas were noncaseating but varied in frequency and degree of definition. Knowledge of this morphologic picture has proved to be useful in patient care.
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