Iber is a two-dimensional hydraulic model for the simulation of free surface flow in rivers and estuaries, and the simulation of environmental processes in fluvial hydraulics. Since the release of the first version of Iber, which included a hydrodynamic calculation engine fully coupled with sediment transport processes and turbulence, it has evolved to become a free surface flow modelling tool for highly complex environmental processes. This document presents the developments made for version 3, where the advances are applied mainly in four current research lines: a new urban drainage module, a significant advance in the capabilities of the hydrological process module, a new soil erosion module, and a new module for calculating sediment transport considering non-uniform material (mixtures). Likewise, all the work has been accompanied by a cross-cutting task of improving the interface, both for existing modules and the creation of new windows and menus for new modules aiming to improve the whole workflow.
2D models based on the shallow water equations are widely used in river hydraulics. However, these models can present deficiencies in those cases in which their intrinsic hypotheses are not fulfilled. One of these cases is in the presence of weirs. In this work we present an experimental dataset including 194 experiments in nine different weirs. The experimental data are compared to the numerical results obtained with a 2D shallow water model in order to quantify the discrepancies that exist due to the non-fulfillment of the hydrostatic pressure hypotheses. The experimental dataset presented can be used for the validation of other modelling approaches.
The backwater effect generated by bridges can significantly contribute to increase the risk of flooding. In this work we compare two different methods to include the effect of bridges in 2D shallow water models. The first method is based on empirical discharge equations that are implemented as internal conditions. The second method is the recently proposed 2D extension of the Two-component Pressure Approach, which accounts for the vertical confinement of the flow. Both approaches are tested and compared using a new set of experimental data obtained in 32 laboratory tests, including 4 different bridge geometries under different flow conditions. The results show that both methods can reproduce the observed bridge afflux for a wide range of flow conditions, but the Two-component Pressure Approach is less dependent on model calibration. On the other hand, both methods fail to correctly reproduce the 2D water depth patterns observed around the bridge.
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