Gades représenta - en el conjunto de la 'Geografia' de Estrabón - un excelente ejemplo de cómo mito, geografia y realidad présente se combinan en la descripción geográfica para resaltar, en última instancia, la bondad de la dominación provincial romana.
ResumenFrente a lo que habitualmente se considera, los geógrafos e historiadores antiguos que han tratado los sucesos peninsulares entre finales del siglo III y el I a.C. -en este caso Polibio y Estrabón-, siguen siendo muy útiles para explicar algunas de las características de las comunidades hispanas, particularmente las ibéricas, en un momento de redefinición de aquéllas tan trascendental como el que nos ocupa.Así, en el presente trabajo se ponen encima de la mesa algunos ejemplos de cómo analizar la información geográfica y etnográfica que nos trasmiten, que está lejos de ser un mero estereotipo cultural. De ellos cabe deducirse que las fuentes antiguas son fundamentales si queremos al menos entrever los procesos de transformación y los nuevos papeles que cumplen las etnias ibéricas y turdetanas no sólo de reajuste puramente militar, sino también geopolítico, dentro del nuevo modelo de dominación implantado por Roma. Los cambios en la delimitación de Iberia o Turdetania que se pueden observar en el relato polibiano, o el caso de los stolati estrabonianos son ejemplos paradigmáticos en este sentido. AbstractAncient geographers and historians, writing about the Iberian Peninsula between the III and the I B.C., are often considered almost negligible as sources for the real understanding of the communities of Hispania in these centuries of change and new definition of their previous traits. This paper disagrees with this positions and defends that they give us much more than cultural stereotypes. Its focus is the study of the ibero-turdetanian groups and the informations of Polybius and Strabo. Some examples -the references in the Polybian work to the geographical concepts of Iberia and Turdetania, and the strabonian stolati-are proposed for showing how sound methodological approaches let us find valid informations about their changes and adaptations to the new Roman hegemony, not just in pure military, but also in cultural and geo-political fields.
Heródoto explica e interpreta la existencia de Gades dentro del marco expansivo de Heracles, e, indirectamente, justifica a través del mito una exclusividad helena en unos lugares que no le son propios.
The work of recent years has been fundamental in expanding our understanding of how ancient geographers and historians perceived the Iberian Peninsula*.1 Strabo's Book 3 has been central to this effort, as it is a complete source that synthesizes this ancient perception, from Iberia's first emergence onto the historical and cultural horizon of the Greeks, up to the first century ce. It constitutes a unicum: there is no other ancient text on Iberia that equals it in information or potential for analysis. This chapter will not only focus on the particularities of Strabo's description of Turdetania. It will also question whether this literary construct may also be explained as a redefinition of Roman imperial ideology and, consequently, of romanization in Hispania. The image of Tartessus as a lost and legendary civilization with which the Greeks developed a special relationship of amicitia at around the seventh century bce, was an idea created by the geographer from Amaseia, one which has been enthusiastically adopted by scholars in Spain and abroad from the nineteenth century onwards.2 Hence, Turdetania, as a corollary of Tartessus, is also a part of Strabo's carefully crafted narrative.3 From the beginning of Book 3, Strabo clearly attempts to establish a comparison between Turdetania-Baetica and the remainder of the Iberian territories (although these varied in degrees of transition between barbarianism and civilization). The first is the ideal example of a harmonious coexistence
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