One of the factors that can influence an individual to start a new business is the perception of danger and uncertainty. The COVID-19 pandemic and the COVID-19 protocols have left so many people with diverse perceptions of danger and uncertainties. In addition, the pandemic brought about an unprecedented increase in the use of social media sites. Therefore, this study investigates if Nigerian undergraduate students’ COVID-19 perception and social media site use influences them to engage in pre-start-up and start-up activities. The adopted study design is qualitative method that is based on Focus Group Interview (FGI). The study data were collected from final year students in 10 public Universities in South Eastern Nigeria. It was found from the thematic content analysis that despite the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic and the COVID-19 rules, the undergraduate students were involved in pre-start-up and start-up activities owing to their positive perceptions of the COVID-19 rules and the use of social media sites. However, their start-up activities are constrained by lack of business capital. The researchers recommend the establishment of entrepreneurship development fund for undergraduate students. Qualitative and/or quantitative methods should be adopted to replicate this study in similar or different higher institutions in other parts of the world.
The causes of the unprecedented dwindling survival rate of family businesses in South-Eastern Nigeria are still not clear to both researchers and practitioners. Despite theoretically including employee engagement and organisational cynicism as the causes, the crux of the argument is that the literature is scant. Worst still, in the few existing studies, family and non-family businesses were lumped together. Consequently, this study seeks to investigate the moderating role of organisational cynicism in the relationship between employee engagement and family business performance. The study used vigour, dedication and absorption as the dimensions of employee engagement, while financial and non-financial performances were employed as the dimensions of family business performance. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design and a simple random sampling technique. The generated data were employed to test the research hypotheses based on (Baron and Kenny, 1986) approach to testing moderation. It was found that organisational cynicism can increase or decrease the relationship between the dimensions of employee engagement and the dimensions of family business performance. The study recommends fostering more resilient, inspired and immersed employees through workplace reinvention. To validate and generalise these results, further studies are advocated in different contexts.
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