Introduction: Staphylococcus haemolyticus is an important etiological agent of hospital infections but its epidemiological significance has not been studied in our institution. We therefore determine the prevalence, colonization rates and source of hospital-acquired Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus (MRSH) in Lagos, Nigeria.
Methods: Axilla and umbilicus swab samples were collected from neonates (346), hand, nasal and axilla from health care workers (125), HVS from mothers (26) at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) and also samples from the environment (28). Using standard bacteriological methods, the samples were screened for S. haemolyticus. Possible person–to-person transmission was investigated by means of pulsed field gel electrophoresis.
Results: Out of 525 samples collected, 112 (21.3%) were S. haemolyticus of which 17 (15.2%) were (MRSH). Neonates’ samples had 8 (15.0%) MRSH and 6 (30%) were Medical Doctors had their samples positive for MRSH. Also, 3 (11.1%) nurses’ samples were MRSH. None of the S. haemolyticus obtained from the mothers and the environment was MRSH. Pulsed field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) identified three main PFGE types (Type 1, 2 and 3) in the hospital. Type 1 and type 3 from babies in Neonatal unit. Type 2 and type 3 in babies from post-natal ward. Four doctors in the labour and neonatal wards had type 1 which was also recovered from a nurse on the labour ward.
Conclusion: It appeared that the source of MRSH was from the hand and anterior nares of Healthcare workers in labour ward and Neonatal unit. This further highlights the need for proper infection con-trol practice in the institution, especially single use of gloves for patients’ management.
Aims: The workers aim to review disinfection practices in public places in India and USA Main text: Sanitization of Public Places in India: One
percent sodium hypochlorite or phenolic disinfectants must be used for mopping of all indoor areas such as entrance lobbies, corridors and
staircases, escalators, elevators, security guard booths, ofce rooms, meeting rooms, cafeteria. Frequently touched surfaces should be cleaned
twice daily by mopping with a linen/absorbable cloth soaked in 1% sodium hypochlorite. Sanitization of Public Places in USA: Surfaces and
objects which are not frequently touched should be cleaned as a routine. They do not require additional disinfection. Gloves and PPE appropriate
for the chemicals being used must be worn by the workers for routine cleaning and disinfecting. Notwithstanding Government and WHO
guidelines, there are media reports of use of disinfection tunnels in various public places in India. Appropriate disinfectants against SARS-CoV2: EPA's registered antimicrobial products are expected to be effective against SARS-CoV-2 based on data for viruses which are harder to kill.
Conclusion:Disinfection for the SARS-CoV-2 is quite similar to disinfection which is carried out for other viruses, like the u or a common cold.
Background: Malaria the world’s most prevalent vector borne disease, is endemic in 92 countries worldwide, remains a major public health threat to more than 600 million Africans. Approximately 41% of the world’s population is at risk, and each year 300 million to 500 million clinical cases of malaria, >90% of them in Africa, are reported. The objective of the study was to present an overview of the malaria situation in Sudan, to assess the trend of malaria infection amongst the local population of Sudan during the period 1990 to 2008, to assess the trend of proportion of all consultations and mortality attributable to malaria amongst the local population of Sudan during the period 2000 to 2008.Methods: The study design was a retrospective cohort study design. Data from all sources was validated, compiled and analysed statistically using standard statistical tests.Results: Overall malaria incidence shows a significantly decreasing trend during the period of study. Disease burden due to malaria as proportion of all consultations also shows a significantly decreasing trend during the period of study. Mortality attributable to malaria also shows a significantly decreasing trend. Conclusions: The epidemiology of malaria infection and disease risks are in transition is some parts of Africa, in part as a result of scaling of the provision of insecticide treated nets and adoption of new effective therapeutics.
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