Aim: To identify people with glaucoma and glaucoma suspect amongst first degree relatives accompanying their glaucoma patient relatives to the Glaucoma clinic, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt. Materials and methods: It was a prospective population-based study of first-degree relatives of Primary open-angle glaucoma patients who accompanied them to the glaucoma clinic. All participating individuals underwent comprehensive eye examination including vision screening, refraction, slit lamp biomicroscopy, applanation tonometry, gonioscopy and dilated fundus examination. Persons with definite and suspected glaucoma were subjected to threshold standard automated perimetry. Results: A total of 95 individuals who were first-degree relatives of 41 patients with Primary open angle glaucoma were examined. Fifty-seven of them (60%) were males, and 38 (40%) were females, with a mean age of 37.71± 8.15 years. Eighty-three (87.37%) were offspring and 12 (12.63%) siblings. Eighteen (18.9%) were observed to have definite Primary open angle glaucoma; 7 (7.4%) of them had been previously diagnosed. Another 16 (16.8%) of the relatives were found to be Glaucoma suspect. Twelve (66.7%) of those with glaucoma were males while 6 (33.3%) were females;13 (72.2%) were offspring while 5 (27.8%) were siblings.Prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma was 13.7% for offspring and 5.3% for siblings. Conclusion: Prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma amongst first degree relatives of glaucoma patients is higher than the general population. Targeted screening of at-risk group will help in early detection and treatment.
Aim:The aim was to elucidate the demographic characteristics of the participants who presented at a week-long free eye screening programme to mark the World Glaucoma Week 2019 at the Ophthalmology department, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital and their sources of referral.Methodology: Members of the public were invited for free eye screening at the department of Ophthalmology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital using several channels of information dissemination including electronic media (Radio), Posters /Banners and Social media. Each had a comprehensive ocular examination done. Those identified with glaucoma were referred for follow-up in the glaucoma clinic. Data obtained was analyzed using SPSS version 21. The age groups gender, other demographic distribution of the subjects amongst other were presented using frequency tables and charts.Results: A total of 133 participants (266 eyes) responded to the invitation for free eye screening. 39.1% were male and 60.9% female with a mean age of 42.26 years ±14.58. 48.2% were in the age group of 31-50years. 45.9% of the participants were civil servants with 63.9% of them having a tertiary form of education. 54.5% of participants presented for the screening after listening to radio announcement. The Prevalence of glaucoma in this study was 4.13%.
Conclusion:Women accessed free eye screening more than men in our study and the mass media (Radio announcement) resulted in the most means of referral. The prevalence of glaucoma from our study was 4.13%.
Objectives: To assess and compare the refractive status and intraocular pressures of children attending the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Eye clinic.
Materials and Methods: The study was a hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study in children aged 5- 18 years attending the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Eye clinic. Participants were sampled in 2 groups of equal numbers: children without refractive error (emmetropes) and children with refractive error. Each group had cycloplegic refraction, intraocular pressure measurement using Pulsair tonometer, and a full ocular examination.
Results: A total of 234 children with 117 in each group. Myopia was the more common refractive error, accounting for 75.2% and 77.8% in the right and left eyes respectively.
The mean intraocular pressure was 14.72mmHg for emmetropia, 15.97mmHg for myopia, and 14.93mmHg for hyperopia in the right eye while 15.02mmHg for emmetropia, 16.05mmHg for myopia, and 13.78mmHg for hyperopia on the left eye.
A significant positive correlation was obtained between myopia and intraocular pressure (Pearson correlation, r = 0.151, p = 0.010 for the right eye and r = 0.201, p=0.001 for the left eye).
Conclusion: The higher levels of mean IOP seen in myopia compared to emmetropia and hyperopia demonstrates that children with myopia may likely develop glaucoma earlier compared to others. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on glaucoma surveillance among myopic children.
Atropine has been used in medical practice for decades and is one of the essential emergency drugs. Its applications in ophthalmology have also followed a long trajectory. Therefore, this review is intended to explore the various uses of Atropine in ophthalmology. Atropine uses in strict ophthalmic indications have extensive diagnostic and therapeutic outlay including Examination under anesthesia, cycloplegic refraction, myopia, and amblyopic management, post trabeculectomy management, synechiae treatment, floppy iris syndrome, and uveitis management. The side effects have been shown to be dose-dependent with no long-term sequelae. Atropine has remained an important medicine in ophthalmic practice globally.
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