Conformance Technology can be defined as "theapplication of processes to reservoirs and boreholes to enhance recovery efficiencies." The purpose of these processes is not to increase production but to reduce and dispose of unwanted hi-products; i.e., water, gas, sand, etc., and the associated costs generated by their disposal. Conformance technology has been practiced in the oilfield for many years, but it is gaining in importance because of environmental and economic constraints that limit operator options for the disposal of unwanted production. The successful practice of conformance technology is dependent upon a thorough understanding of the downhole conditions in each well, as misinterpretation of downhole data can result in the application of treatment that will not successfully address the problem. This paper describes applications for downhole videoservices that facilitate:Planning of conformance technology treatmentsProvision of in-process treatment monitoringConfirmation of post-treatment success Three case histories showing different applications of video services in conjunction with the planning and confirmation of treatments are presented. The first case determined fluid entry under flowing conditions and better defined which zones required treatment. The second case showed that the original well diagnosis was incorrect and that the planned treatments would not be effective, while the third case showed how a downhole video survey was used as a pretreatment analytical tool and later used to confirm a successful treatment. INTRODUCTION Unwanted fluid production in oil- and gas-producing wells is a factor that not only limits control and reduces production of the well but also presents major operational burdens from costs of disposal and compliance to environmental regulations. New, more stringent regulations now are in force to dictate how and where disposal can be made, and for this reason, producers have increased efforts to investigate new options to reduce unwanted production. The most commonly used water-control techniques have had relatively low success rates, and newer, more exotic treatments have not offered much improvement. Obviously, results such as these can not satisfactorily address a problem that has reached such magnitude. Several scenarios can be blamed for most water control treatment failures with the most common being:The source of the problem was not properly identified.The wrong product or treatment was used.The correct treatment was used improperly. Because of recent technological improvements that allow downhole video to be-effective under flowing weli conditions, it can now be employed to assist the weil operator in identifying wellbore and reservoir problems that can be corrected with conformance technology processes. DHV services can also be used to monitor certain treatment processes in reai time and to verify that the treatment applications were successful. CONFORMANCE TECHNOLOGY By applying conformance technology techniques, well operators can reduce unwanted production and the associated operating costs caused from corrosion, sand production, additional well-lifting requirements, larger separation and treatment processes, and fluid disposal. Additionally, environmental protection is enhanced, subsequently enabling regulatory requirements to be met more easily. In most cases, ifunwanted production can be reduced or blocked, hydrocarbon deliverability of the reservoir.
Conformance Technology can be defined as "the application of processes to reservoirs and boreholes to enhance recovery efficiencies." The purpose of these processes is not to increase production but to reduce and dispose of unwanted bi-products; Le., water, gas, sand, etc., and the associated costs generated by their disposal.Conformance technology has been practiced in the oilfield for many years, but it is gaining in importance because of environmental and economic constraints that limit operator options for the disposal of unwanted production. The successful practice of conformance technology is dependent upon a thorough understanding of the downhole conditions in each well, as misinterpretation of downhole data can result in the application of treatment that will not successfully address the problem. This paper describes applications for downhole video services that facilitate:• Planning of conformance technology treatments • Provision of in-process treatment monitoring • Confirmation of post-treatment success References and illustrations at end of paper.Three case histories showing different applications of video services in conjunction with the planning and confirmation of treatments are presented. The first case determined fluid entry under flowing conditions and better defined which zones required treatment. The second case showed that the original well diagnosis was incorrect and that the planned treatments would not be effective, while the third case showed how a downhole video survey was used as a pretreatment analytical tool and later used to confirm a successful treatment. DOWNHOLE VIDEO SERVICES ENHANCE CONFORMANCE TECHNOLOGY SPE 30134address a problem that has reached such magnitude.Several scenarios can be blamed for most water control treatment failures with the most common being:
The Structural integrity and predictable usability of slickline wire has perplexed wireline crews since wireline services were first developed Miscalculation of wire condition can result in wire failures and costly fishing operations; however, the available alternative -premature replacement of still-usable wire to avoid the first scenario also increases operational costs, especially when the newer corrosion and embrittlement resistant nickel and cobalt alloy wires that are commonly used in HS, C02, and hot chloride environments are involved These wires often are ten times as costly as carbon steel and stainless alloy wires, and in most cases, early replacement is not economically feasible. Until recently, operators have had to rely on experience, "rules of thumb," visual inspection, and destructive tests to determine wire integrity However, these methods could only provide spot checks; none have been capable of accurately assessing the condition of the entire length of spooled wire. This paper will review currently used inspection Procedures and a concept that incorporates an existing, nondestructive material inspection technology into a realtime method that can provide the information to determine wire condition over its entire length. Use of the system can: Evaluate integrity of new wire as it is being spooled onto the reel. Avoid costly replacement of still-usable wire. Facilitate general wire-life assessment. Inspect wire during critical service operations where well environment or operating conditions can cause rapid degradation of the wire. Test and field operational history will be used to illustrate the capabilities and significance of the system. INTRODUCTION Slickline is a single-strand wire that can be made of various carbon steel, stainless alloys, and more exotic nickel and cobalt-based alloys and is available in varying lengths and diameters. Slickline lengths are generally between 15,000 and 30,000 feet [4,572 to 9,144 m], and the most popular outside diameters (OD) are .092, .105, .108, and .125 inches [2.34, 2.67, 2.74, and 3.18 mm].
The structural integrity and predictable usability of slickline wire has perplexed wireline crews since wireline services were first developed. Miscalculation of wire condition can cause wire failures and costly fishing operations. However, the available alternative-premature replacement of still-usable wire to avoid the first scenario-increases operational costs, especially when the newer corrosion- and embrittlement-resistant nickel and cobalt alloy wires that are commonly used in H2S, CO2, and hot chloride environments are involved. These wires often are ten times as costly as carbon steel and stainless steel alloy wires, and in most cases,. early replacement would not be economically feasible. Until recently, operators have had to rely on experience, "rules of thumb," visual inspection, and destructive tests to determine wire integrity. However, these methods could only provide spot checks; no methods have been capable of accurately assessing the condition of the entire length of spooled wire. This paper will review currently used inspection procedures and a concept that incorporates an existing, non-destructive material inspection technology into a real-time method that can provide the information to determine wire condition over its entire length. Use of this eddy current system can:Evaluate integrity of new wire as it is being spooled onto the reel.Avoid costly replacement of still-usable wire.Facilitate general wire-life assessment.Inspect wire during critical service operations where well environment or operating conditions can cause rapid degradation of the wire. Test results and field operational history are used to illustrate the capabilities and significance of the system. Introduction Slickline is a single-strand wire that can be made of various carbon steel, stainless alloy, and more exotic nickel and cobaltbased alloys and is available in varying lengths and diameters. Slickline lengths are generally between 4,572 to 9,144 m (15,000 and 30,000 ft.), and the most popular outside diameters (OD) are 2.34,2.67,2.74, and 3.18 mm (0.092,0.105,0.108, and 0.125 in.). "Braided line," "mono-conductor," or "multi-conductor" electric wireline consist of braids or multiple strands of smaller-OD wire, which are also available in various carbon steel, stainless and more exotic alloys in varying lengths and diameters. Braidedline and mono-conductor line lengths are generally between 4,572 to 7,620 m (15,000 and 25,000 ft.) with outside diameters of 4.76 or 5.56 mm (3116- or 7h2-in.). Multi-conductor line lengths are generally between 4,572 to 7,620 m (15,000 and 25,000 ft.) with outside diameters of 11.11 or 11.90 mm (7116- or 15h2-in.). Typical Wireline Operation In a wireline operation, tools are attached to the end of a wire and lowered into the wellbore. Once the tools reach their desired depth, they are manipulated in a series of upward and downward motions to perform the desired operation. The wire is stored on a reel in a truck or skid and is generally run through or around a counter wheel and several sheaves (Figure 1). The counter wheel is used to measure the length of the wire deployed into the well.
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