Studies were made on the effects of inherited factors, (scions and rootstocks) and field factors, (districts and climates) on the 'typiness' of Red Delicious apples produced in fruit growing districts of the eastern and western coasts of Australia. 'Typey' fruit is that which has pronounced calyx lobes and which attracts premium prices at market. Richared, Royal Red and Starkrimson cultivars were far more 'typey' than the common Red Delicious, whereas Hi-Early and Royden Red were inferior in this respect. Rootstocks had little effect on 'typiness'. The districts of Orange and Batlow in New South Wales produced the most 'typey' fruit. The extent to which 'typiness' was developed in the fruit was related to mean air temperature in the period of seven days following full bloom.
Results of experiments over two seasons at two locations in New South Wales and one in Western Australia have shown that 'typiness' of Red Delicious apples can be improved by the use of blossom applications of the plant growth regulators gibberellin (GA4/7) and N6benzyladenine (BA). Benzyladenine was the more effective of the two materials tested, and stimulated both an increase in the length : diameter ratio (L/D) of the fruit and development of the calyx lobes. The gibberellins were less consistent in their effect. Sprays combining both GA,/, and BA in equal proportions provided little additional benefit to that obtained with BA alone at the equivalent strength.
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