Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Washington, DC 20577The views and interpretations in this document are those of the authors and should not be attributed to the Inter-American Development Bank, or to any individual acting on its behalf.This paper may be freely reproduced provided credit is given to the Research Department, Inter-American Development Bank.The Research Department (RES) produces a quarterly newsletter, IDEA (Ideas for Development in the Americas), as well as working papers and books on diverse economic issues. To obtain a complete list of RES publications, and read or download them please visit our web site at: http://www.iadb.org/res. 3 Abstract 1Money is used as a store of value, a medium of exchange and a unit of account. Most recent analyses of currency choice in an international setting have focused on the denomination of reserves-the store of value role. However, public data are only aggregate and exclude several countries. This paper focuses on currency choice for the unit of account role, employing a detailed database on security issuance across countries, time and currencies. The paper finds a stable relation between currency choice and specific real and financial variables with different specifications for developed and developing countries, as well as evidence for persistence and network externalities. Exploiting the creation of the Euro, the paper finds a large and significant Euro liquidity effect at the cost of the dollar, especially in the early years of the life of the new currency. The estimates suggest that the Euro is making significant progress toward threatening the role of the dollar as the dominant international currency.
We discuss a set of methods for the creation of IESTAC: a English-Italian speech and text parallel corpus designed for the training of end-toend speech-to-text machine translation models and publicly released as part of this work. We first mapped English LibriVox audiobooks and their corresponding English Gutenberg Project e-books to Italian e-books with a set of three complementary methods. Then we aligned the English and the Italian texts using both traditional Gale-Church based alignment methods and a recently proposed tool to perform bilingual sentences alignment computing the cosine similarity of multilingual sentence embeddings. Finally, we forced the alignment between the English audiobooks and the English side of our textual parallel corpus with a textto-speech and dynamic time warping based forced alignment tool. For each step, we provide the reader with a critical discussion based on detailed evaluation and comparison of the results of the different methods.
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