We compute the eigenvalues of the 3-state superintegrable chiral Potts model and of the associated spin chain by use of a functional equation. We find that the system has four phases, two of which are massless and two of which are massive.

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All eigenvalues of the transfer matrix of the integrable 3-state Potts model are computed as polynomials in the spectral variable for chains of length M ≤7. The zeroes of the eigenvalues are known to satisfy a Bethe's Ansatz equation and thus it is of particular interest that we find many solutions whose zeroes do not satisfy the traditional "string hypothesis". We also find many cases where the integers in the logarithmic form of the Bethe equations do not satisfy the monotonicity properties that they are usually assumed to possess. We present a classification of all eigenvalues in terms of sets of roots and show that, for all M, this classification yields a complete set.

From a system of Bethe-Ansatz equations, the spectrum of low-lying excitations is found for the 3-state Potts chain in its ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic version. In both cases, only massless excitations appear and their dispersion relations are computed.

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