Objective: To study the trends and patterns of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for under-6-month-old infants in the city of Bauru, Brazil. Methods:Data from three methodologically equivalent crosssectional surveys integrating the project for monitoring breastfeeding indicators in São Paulo state were compared. Infants aged zero to 6 months who attended one of the two phases of the Multivaccination Campaign in 1999, 2003 and 2006, respectively 496, 674 and 509 infants, were studied. Descriptive statistics were presented to compare the prevalence of EBF according to age (in months) and for the set of children under 6 months. The differences in prevalence were expressed in percentage-points and submitted to statistical tests (Pearson's chisquare and tendency), adopting p < 0.05 as the critical level. Factors associated with EBF interruption in 2006 were also studied by uni-and multivariate analysis.Results: Increase in EBF prevalence was found in under-6-month-old infants: in the 1999-2003 period, increase of 9.1 percentage-points; in the 2003-2006 period, increase of 6.6 percentage-points, thus reaching the annual increase rate of 2.3 percentage-points in the first period and 2.2 percentage-points in the second period. Significant inverse association was observed between EBF and the use of pacifiers (hazard ratio = 2.03; 95% confidence interval 1.44-2.84).Conclusion: EBF prevalence in under-6-month-old infants in the city of Bauru, Brazil, increased almost threefold in the studied period, changing from 8.5% in 1999 to 24.2% in 2006, which represents an increase of 184.7%. The use of pacifiers was the only factor associated with greater chances of EBF interruption.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2009;85(3):201-208: Breastfeeding, epidemiology, cross-sectional studies, child nutrition, human milk. ResumoObjetivo: Estudar a tendência e os determinantes do aleitamento materno exclusivo no município de Bauru (SP). Resultados: Detectou-se aumento da prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo em menores de 6 meses: no período 1999-2003, acréscimo de 9,1 pontos percentuais; no período 2003-2006, aumento de 6,6 pontos percentuais, alcançando taxa de crescimento anual de 2,3 pontos percentuais no primeiro período e de 2,2 pontos percentuais no segundo. Observou-se associação inversa significativa entre aleitamento materno exclusivo e uso de chupeta (razão de prevalência = 2,03; intervalo de confiança de 95% 1,44-2,84). Métodos Conclusão:A prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo em menores de 6 meses no município de Bauru quase triplicou no período estudado, passando de 8,5% em 1999 para 24,2% em 2006, aumento de 184,7%. O uso de chupeta foi o único fator associado com maior chance de interrupção do aleitamento materno exclusivo.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2009;85(3):201-208 Não foram declarados conflitos de interesse associados à publicação deste artigo.Como citar este artigo: Parizoto GM, Parada CM, Venâncio SI, Carvalhaes MA. Trends and patterns of exclusive breastfeeding for under-6-month-old children.

Objective: To study the trends and patterns of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for under-6-month-old infants in the city of Bauru, southeastern Brazil. Methods:We compared data from three cross-sectional surveys, using similar methodologies, which were part of a project for monitoring breastfeeding indicators in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The sample included infants aged 0 to 6 months who attended one of the two rounds of the nationwide infant vaccination campaign in 1999, 2003 and 2006 (respectively: 496, 674 and 509 infants). Descriptive statistics were used to compare the prevalence of EBF according to age (in months) and group of children under 6 months of age. Differences in prevalence were expressed as percentage-points and submitted to statistical analysis (Pearson's chi-square and tendency), and the level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Factors associated with EBF interruption in 2006 were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.Results: An increase in the prevalence of EBF was observed in under-6-month-old infants: 1999-2003, increase of 9.1 percentage-points; 2003-2006, increase of 6.6 percentage-points, resulting in an annual increase rate of 2.3 percentage-points for the first period and 2.2 percentage-points for the second period. Significant inverse association was observed between EBF and the use of pacifiers (prevalence ratio = 2.03; 95% confidence interval 1.44-2.84).Conclusion: EBF prevalence in under-6-month-old infants in the city of Bauru, southeastern Brazil, increased almost threefold over the period studied, from 8.5% in 1999 to 24.2% in 2006, a total increase of 184.7%. The use of pacifiers was the only factor strongly associated with the interruption of EBF.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2009;85(3):201-208: Breastfeeding, epidemiology, cross-sectional studies, child nutrition, human milk.

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Objective: To characterize the theses and dissertations with a breastfeeding theme in Brazilian post-graduate nursing programs, between 1999 and 2010. Methods: A bibliometric study was conducted by consulting the thesis database of the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education; 96 theses and dissertations were identified, of which 25% were doctoral dissertations and 75% master's theses. Among these, 93% were academic master's and 7% were professional master's. Results: The concentration of production resided in the post-graduate nursing programs in the South and Southeastern regions. Three faculty members advised 24.9% of the studies. It was noted that 63.5% of the studies were qualitative in nature, 29.2% were quantitative in nature, and 7.3% used both approaches. The theoretical -philosophical reference that was the most used was phenomenology, and the method was content analysis. Conclusion: The results showed the importance of this theme in advanced studies. Overcoming dogmas and ideologies about breastfeeding in favor of science-based positions is a priority when proposing advances in nursing care to promote breastfeeding. Keywords: Bibliometrics; Education; Nursing; Graduate; Breast feeding resumo Objetivo: Caracterizar as teses e dissertações na temática aleitamento materno produzidas nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem do Brasil entre 1999 e 2010. Métodos: Estudo bibliométrico realizado por meio de consulta ao banco de teses da Coordenadoria de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, , localizando-se 96 teses e dissertações, das quais, 25% eram teses de doutorado, 75% dissertações de mestrado dentre estas, 93% de mestrado acadêmico e 7% de mestrado profissional. Resultados: A concentração da produção reside nos Programas de Pós-Graduação de Enfermagem das Regiões Sul e Sudeste. Três docentes orientaram 24,9% dos estudos. Ainda, 63,5%dos estudos eram de natureza qualitativa, 29,2% de natureza quantitativa e 7,3% utilizaram as duas abordagens. O referencial teórico-filosófico mais utilizado foi a fenomenologia e o metodológico, a análise de conteúdo. Conclusão: Os resultados mostraram a importância desta temática em estudos avançados. Superar dogmas e ideologias da amamentação por posições cientificamente fundamentadas é prioridade quando se propõem avanços no cuidado de enfermagem em aleitamento materno. Descritores: Bibliometria; Educação de pós-graduação em enfermagem; Dissertações acadêmicas como assunto; Aleitamento materno resumen Objetivo: Caracterizar las tesis de mestría y doctorado en la temática de lactancia materna producidas en los Programas de Postgrado en Enfermería del Brasil entre 1999 y 2010. Métodos: Estudio bibliométrico realizado por medio de consulta al banco de tesis de la Coordinación de Perfeccionamiento de Personal de Nivel Superior, localizándose 96 tesis y disertaciones, de las cuales, 25% eran tesis de doctorado, 75% disertaciones de maestría; de éstas, 93% de maestria acadêmica y 7% de maestría profesional. Resultados: La concentración de la poblac...

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