A few clinical and immunological study parameters have suggested improved outcomes in patients receiving high-dose (2 × 1000 mg) rituximab.

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Our study suggests that cutaneous changes are common in young Asian patients with type 1 DM. Information, education and counselling of patients and care givers, and awareness among physicians is essential for the prevention and early management of these dermatoses.

the medical record but was not standardized, the follow-up criterion of interest was "general improvement" in erythromelalgia without obtaining further details, and many patients were using other medications. Nonetheless, these results suggest that a topical preparation of midodrine, 0.2%, is well tolerated and improves symptoms of erythromelalgia. Further investigation is warranted.

Symmetrical acrokeratoderma is a recently described dermatosis in young adult males of Chinese descent. In this report, we describe a series of five cases of symmetrical acrokeratoderma from India. All 5 patients had asymptomatic, brownish-black plaques distributed symmetrically over dorsum of hand and feet with variable involvement of wrist, flexural surface of forearm, elbow, ankles, shin and knee joint. Palms and soles were characteristically spared. Typically whitish maceration of the lesions was seen after immersing in water. The disease showed exacerbation in hot and humid climate with spontaneous resolution in winter. Histopathological examination showed basket weave hyperkeratosis, irregular acanthosis and mild peri-vascular lymphomononuclear infiltrate. Loosening of the stratum corneum was seen in post-immersion biopsy specimens. Acitretin appeared to provide symptomatic improvement in the short term without any long-term effect on the natural disease course. The genetic and environmental factors involved in disease causation needs to be elucidated in future.Trial registrationThe study was not registered in a trial registry since it was a retrospective analysis of the clinical records and not an interventional/observational study.

Pemphigus is a potentially fatal autoimmune epidermal bullous disorder. Rituximab is a novel therapy for the treatment of refractory pemphigus. However, there is limited clinical data on safety and efficacy of rituximab in pediatric age group. Herein, we report an 11-year-old boy of childhood pemphigus vulgaris who failed to respond to dexamethasone pulse therapy and was subsequently treated with rituximab and achieved complete remission.

Increased serum levels of circulating Th17 cells and related cytokines may contribute to the cutaneous pathology of psoriasis, as well as the inflammatory process that is a hallmark of psoriasis.

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