Camel (Camelus dromedarius) is one of important livestock which enormously well adapted to hot and arid environments prominently due to its unique anatomical, physiological and behavioral characteristics. It plays an important role in the arid and semi-arid lowlands of eastern and southeastern Ethiopia where nomadic and semi-nomadic pastoral and agro-pastoral production systems predominate [1]. The camels are of great importance socially and culturally as well as economically and thus cornerstone in the social organization of many of the camel-keeping societies [2]. World Camel population is estimated to be around 25.89million spread across 47 countries. About 85% of the camel population inhabits mainly Eastern and Northern Africa and rest in Indian subcontinent and Middle East countries. Somalia has the highest population of 7million followed by Sudan 4.25million [3]. Ethiopian camel population is around 1.16million, out of which, 434,291 inhabits in Afar region, 353,124 in Somali region and 239,357 in Oromia region. The camels kept in Oromia region found in arid and semi-arid lowlands of Borana, West and East Hararge, Bale and Guji zone [4]. Borena pastoralist probably started camel production in early 1560 in the gada period of Abbay Horro Dullacha (14 th Abba Gada Borana). The main driving forces behind the increased camel production in the Borena pastoralist have been ecological changes, social conditions (religion, marriage linkage, confl ict) and extensive seasonal migration [5]. The camel populations of Borana pastoralist area are 77147 [4]. The dominance of other livestock species over camels perhaps might have masked the potential contributions of these animals to the national
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