Background and aim: The linkage between periodontal and systemic diseases although well researched in the scientific area is not universally cognizant among the clinicians. It is critical to bring about the awareness of this interrelationship as oral health is suggestive of systemic health. The aim of this study was a thorough hemodynamic assessment in patients having periodontal disease. Settings and design: This is an observational cross sectional study. The patients were selected from Outpatient Department of Cardiology and Periodontology in a tertiary care hospital in urban setting in Nagpur, India. Methods: The study was conducted on 45 patients aged between 35 and 65 years. Echo-Doppler examination for internal diameter (ID), intima-media thickness (IMT) and blood flow velocity (PSV) measurements was executed in the right and left common carotid artery (CCA) and brachial artery (BA). Periodontal disease status was determined using parameters like Gingival Index, Plaque Index, probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Statistical analysis: Due to multiple comparison groups one-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni multiple comparison tests have been performed to conduct all possible pair-wise comparisons of means. Results: The present study showed that Carotid IMT and ID were high in the patients having cardiovascular disease (CVD) and periodontitis as compared to CVD alone, showing the additional effect caused by the presence of periodontal disease. Conclusion: The study findings support the proposition that periodontal disease may be associated with endothelial dysfunction which leads to atherosclerosis or hardening of arteries indicating increased cardiovascular risk.
The aim of the present study was to assess the clinico-histopathological picture and to examine the recurrence of various localized hyperplastic gingival growths after their surgical treatment. Twenty patients of localized hyperplastic gingival outgrowth were evaluated in the present clinico-histopathological study. The data regarding age, sex, location, size, and duration of lesion were summarized. After 4 weeks of initial therapy, an excision of the growth with conventional flap surgery was performed. The excised tissues were sent for histopathological analysis, and the lesions were reclassified into four groups. All the patients were recalled after 3 and 6 months to study the recurrence of the growth. Twenty lesions were inspected, the pyogenic granuloma was the most common (55%), followed by peripheral fibroma (25%), peripheral giant cell granuloma (15%), and calcifying fibroblastic fibroma (5%). Out of the twenty lesions evaluated, the pyogenic granuloma was the most common with no recurrence in any case.
Nowadays, dental implants are the most reliable treatment option for edentulism be it partial or complete. Certain systemic diseases have shown to adversely affect the outcome of dental implants and result in complications. Therefore it is prudent that a clinician should be aware of the precautions to be taken in such patients and the complications that may arise if any such medical condition is present in the patient. This article reviews the care that should be taken in systemic diseases that complicate implant therapy and the risks involved if safeguard is not maintained.
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