12Aim of study: Gestural skills assessment in odontology is a highly complex task. Although mandatory for 13 certification, proficiency assessment is still required for parameters that are more objective. Our aim was to 14 assess whether accelerometer sensors might contribute to distinguishing efficiency in therapeutic gesture from 15 experts and novices in the realization of surgical sutures. 16Material and method: 3 groups of participants: novices (n = 8), intermediaries (n = 14) and experts (n = 7)17 were enrolled in the study. They had to perform different types of odontological suture. We used 2 wireless 18 wrist sensors to measure objectively the acceleration of both hands and to deduce the economy and the fluidity 19 of the movement. A video recording was also used to complete the assessment. 20Results: The time and motion criteria were documented to significantly correlate with the experience of the 21 participant. The total time factor has a significant effect with the experience level (p = 0.006). The fluidity of the 22 movement has also been shown to vary significantly between groups. 23Conclusion: The use of accelerometers coupled with image analysis could make it possible to envisage in the 24 long run an objective evaluation for this type of surgical gesture. 25
As companies are forced to conceive innovative products to stay competitive, designers face the challenge of developing products more suited to users' needs and perceptions in order to be accepted, thus reducing project risk failure. Evaluating users' acceptability has become an important research problem. Current approaches leave the acceptance evaluation question to be answered in the last stages of product development process (NPD), when an almost finished prototype is available and when there is no time left for important modifications. Acceptability evaluation methods suitable for use from the early stages of the NPD process are thus needed. This paper proposes a method for acceptability evaluation and analysis that can be used in the early stages of the development cycle. It is based on the evaluation of the solution concept by the users. The relationships among the factors (or criteria) are made explicit, thus helping designers to identify the key factors for acceptance. As the users' tests and the maturity of the concept prototype are limited in this stage, the proposed method exploits the inference properties of Bayesian networks making it possible to make useful estimations and allowing the exploration of actions that could improve the product acceptability level. Two case studies are presented in order to illustrate the method, the first related to a technological product design for a home-health care service provider and the second to a work-related musculoskeletal disorder prevention software design. Relevance to industry: The article describes an acceptability assessment and an analysis approach to be used by industrial engineers, designers and ergonomists in the early phases of design projects. The method can help the design team to identify the levers (key factors) for enhancing product acceptance and to identify different actions (e.g. product modification, deployment strategy, and training).
As in many areas, museums and cultural institutions currently undergo a transformation characterized by the use of digital and interactive technologies. New perspectives in the development of museum experiences are being open which impacts the overall functioning of these institutions. To design experiences that are adapted to enhance the visitor experience appropriate methods are required. User experience design and Living labs approach offer tools to support this process. In this paper, we document the experience of the renovation of the Museum-Aquarium in interaction with the Fab Living Lab platform, the academic innovation space of Nancy, France. We present the process of the development of three interactive and digital experiences based on ideation, rapid-prototyping, and test by use. This experience presents the methods and shares the lessons learned in this process. The work performed can serve as references for the development of other museum interactive installations. Furthermore, we identify potential transfer to other domains.
Developing products that are properly suited to users' needs and preferences in order to be accepted is one of the main challenges designers and engineers face constantly. Evaluating and improving users' product acceptability has become an important research question. Many approaches leave the acceptability evaluation question for the last phases of the New Product Development process (NPD), when an almost finished prototype is available and when there is no time left for important modifications. In the early phase of the NPD process, the project managers need models and methods to evaluate the potential acceptability of the new concept and if required, to define actions to improve this concept. In this paper, a method with two main goals is proposed to tackle this problem. Its first goal consists in evaluating an index of users' product acceptability. When this index is too low, the second goal concerns the optimal selection of the most appropriate actions (improvement scenario) to increase this previously assessed index and to optimize the supplementary cost. As information collected from users in the early phase is subject to uncertainty, the proposed method exploits the inference properties of Bayesian networks (BN) making it possible to make useful estimations of the acceptability index. Furthermore, the improvement scenarios are composed of actions that make it possible to improve di↵erent criteria composing the users' acceptability index. The improvement problem is formulated as an optimization problem to be solved by a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm. In order to illustrate its interest, the proposed method is applied to a real case concerning the design of a medical-stocking threading device.
the healthcare field, as many others, has the imperative to innovate in order to face its multiple performance and societal problems. Innovations should not only respond to users' needs, but they also have to meet other technological and contextual factors to be successfully integrated and diffused. Acceptability evaluation should allow designers to anticipate and act accordingly to avoid project risks. However, the current literature lacks of models allowing an earlier awareness of those factors. This paper reports on the development of a method for acceptability evaluation that allows guiding the design of product and services in healthcare. A framework for acceptability evaluation is presented. A home healthcare technology case study is used to illustrate the application of the method.
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