Background: Due to the numerous complications that enteropexy may cause in domestic animals and humans, this study aimed at investigating the microscopic level, the damage generated by this technique in mice, in order to investigate the morphometric changes caused by enteropexy technique in rats.Materials, Methods & Results: Eighteen Wistar rats were submitted to surgical technique of enteropexy. To evaluate intestinal disorders they were euthanized at 30 (Group I), 60 (group II) and 90 (group III) days after the procedure. The animals were perfused with 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 4% paraformaldehyde for the removal of intestinal fragments for analysis in conventional microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In classical histopathology, group I presented mild lesions with necrosis of the epithelium and infiltration of mononuclear cells. After 60 days, extensive ischemic necrosis area was observed, characterized by the denudation of epithelium cells and cellular debris in the lumen surface and loss of intestinal crypts. After 90 days (group III) lesions were evident and were characterized by strong coagulative necrosis of epithelial cells and intestinal crypts. Under electron microscopy, group I showed early fusion of the adjacent intestinal walls. After 60 days there was adherence of luminal stenosis and intestinal walls. In group III loss of epithelium and substitution of necrotic tissue were identified.Discussion: In the current study it was noticed microscopically that the groups had inflammatory reactions to foreign bodies. It is known that the sutures, independent of manufacture, behave as foreign bodies that induce tissue inflammation of the recipient organism and could harm the scar repair. Among the surgical threads, the nylon type (which was chosen for the current experiment) is indicated in the approach tissues in general and bandages, including cardiovascular, ophthalmic and neurological procedures. This category wire induces minimal inflammation of the receptor tissue. In studies of the histopathological analysis of the tissue reactions produced by the wire implant or nylon thread clamp in rats, it was observed that when the local action of two implants were compared, inflammation showed qualitatively similar responses, although they had different characteristics regarding their course. Inflammation is proportional to the proliferation of fibroblasts and the presence of fibrous tissue around the suture. This quote confirms the analyzed samples, in which, in all postoperative times showed inflammatory process, although at different magnitudes. Surgical research in laboratory animals has expanded in recent decades, mainly due to better anesthetic support, the sophistication of infrastructure, material for perioperative continuous monitoring and an incessant search for species that reproduce human morbid conditions. The main focus of these studies have been improving the knowledge about the pathophysiological mechanisms of disease, undertake therapeutic trials with new drugs, studying biomarkers and evaluate new techniques to be applied prospects in man. The most common sites of occurrence of intestinal are ileocolic intussusception junction and jejunojejunal segment. The enteroplication has been used to reduce the occurrence of intussusception, promoting the adhesion of the adjacent serosa layers of intestinal segments and thereby decreasing intestinal motility, their applicability is reported in humans, dogs and cats. The enteropexy technique causes morphological changes in intestinal epithelium of rats, evidenced in conventional and electron microscopy, progress with the passing of time the procedure.
ResumoA mucocele sublingual é uma afecção incomum em cães, porém de grande importância para a medicina veterinária, devido aos prejuízos gerados por suas consequências. Deste modo, o presente relato tem como objetivo descrever o caso de mucocele sublingual em cão com posterior recidiva em glândula mandibular e sublingual, bem como discutir sua importância para a medicina veterinária. Foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário Dix-Huit Rosado Maia -HOVET/ Universidade Federal Rural de Semiárido (UFERSA), um cão macho, com um ano e 10 meses de idade, apresentando aumento de volume bilateral na região sublingual há, aproximadamente, dois meses. Após exame clínico suspeitou-se de mucocele da glândula sublingual bilateral (rânula) indicando-se o tratamento de ressecção da glândula sublingual esquerda devido ao aspecto nodular e marsupalização da glândula sublingual direita. Passado um mês da alta médica o animal retornou ao HOVET -UFERSA com queixa de aparecimento de um novo aumento de volume sublingual e na região cervico-ventral suspeitando-se de uma possível mucocele cervical e recidiva da mucocele sublingual esquerda. Indicou-se como tratamento a sialoadenectomia sublingual e mandibular. Cerca de dez dias após a última cirurgia o cão não apresentava mais aumento de volume da área afetada e não havia sinais de alteração quanto à produção de saliva. O tratamento sugerido proporcionou bons resultados promovendo a reparação tecidual e reestruturação do local afetado e diminuindo o índice de recidiva.Palavras-chave: glândula salivar, marsupialização, mucocele. AbstractThe sublingual mucocele is a rare disease in dogs, but very important for veterinary medicine due to losses generated by its consequences. Thus, this report aims to describe the case of sublingual mucocele in a dog with subsequent relapse in mandibular and sublingual gland and discuss their importance to veterinary medicine. It was the Veterinary Hospital Dix-Huit Rosado Maia -HOVET / Universidade Federal Rural de Semi-árido (UFERSA), a male dog with one year and 10 months, an increase of bilateral volume in the sublingual region for approximately two months. After clinical examination was suspected of mucocele of bilateral sublingual gland (ranula) indicating the treatment of sublingual left gland resection due to nodular and marsupalização the right sublingual gland. After one month of a medical release the animal returned to HOVET -UFERSA with emergence of complaint from a further increase in sublingual volume and cervical-ventral region suspecting it is a possible cervical mucoceles and recurrence of sublingual mucocele left. It is stated as a treatment to sublingual and mandibular sialoadenectomy. About ten days after the last surgery, the dog had no more swelling of the affected area and no signs of change with saliva production. However, the suggested treatment provided good results by promoting tissue repair and restructuring of the affected area and decreasing the recurrence rate.
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