Elevated liver fat content occurs in high-yielding dairy cows during the transition from pregnancy to lactation after fat mobilization and may affect hepatic glucose metabolism, but the degree of liver fat storage is highly variable. Therefore, we studied metabolic and endocrine changes and hepatic glucose metabolism in cows that markedly differ in liver fat content. Multiparous cows from the same herd with high (HFL; n = 10) and low (LFL; n = 10) liver fat contents (mean of d 1, 10, and 21 after calving for each cow, respectively) were studied from 60 d before expected calving to 56 d in milk. Cows were fed ad libitum and all cows received the same diets. Liver samples were taken on d 1, 10, and 21 after calving; mean fat content (+/-SEM) in liver of HFL cows was 174 +/- 9.6 mg/g, whereas mean liver fat content in LFL cows was 77 +/- 3.3 mg/g. Blood samples were taken 20 and 7 d before expected calving and 0, 7, 14, 28, and 56 d after calving to measure plasma concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate, glucose, insulin, glucagon, insulin-like growth factor-I, and leptin. In liver, glycogen content as well as mRNA levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, pyruvate carboxylase, glucose-6-phosphatase, and glucose transporter were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Back fat thickness decreased and dry matter intake increased with onset of lactation, and back fat thickness was higher but dry matter intake was lower in HFL than in LFL. Energy-corrected milk yield did not differ between groups, but milk fat content was higher and lactose content was lower in HFL than LFL at the beginning of lactation. Energy balance was more negative in HFL than in LFL. Plasma nonesterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations increased and plasma glucose concentration tended to decrease more in HFL than LFL with onset of lactation. Glucagon to insulin ratios increased more in HFL than LFL with onset of lactation. Hepatic glycogen content was higher in LFL than HFL, whereas mRNA levels of glucose-6-phosphatase and pyruvate carboxylase were higher in HFL than in LFL, and cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mRNA level increased similarly after parturition in both groups. In conclusion, an elevated liver fat content was related to greater fat mobilization and reduced feed intake and was associated with effects on hepatic glucose metabolism. As environment and feeding management were the same, individual cow factors were responsible for differences in energy metabolism during the transition period.

| Objective: To describe the profile and the scientific output of physical therapists researchers holding a research productivity fellowship (PQ) from the Brazilian National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-CNPq). Method: This is a cross-sectional study, which has evaluated the Lattes Curriculum of all PQ physiotherapy researchers registered at CNPq holding a research productivity fellowship in the period of 2010. The variables analyzed were: gender, geographic and institutional distribution, duration since doctorate defense, research productivity fellowship level, scientific output until 2010 and the H index in Scopus® and ISI databases. Results: A total of 55 PQ from the CNPq were identified in the area of knowledge of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, being 81.8% from the Southeast region of Brazil. They were predominantly female (61.8%), with research productivity fellowship level PQ2 (74.5%), and with average time since doctorate defense of 10.1 (±4.1) years. A total of 2.381 articles were published, with average of 42.5 (±18.9) articles/researcher. The average of articles published after doctorate defense was 39.40 (±18.9) articles/researchers with a mean output of 4.2 (±2.0) articles/year. We found 304 articles indexed in the Scopus ® database with 2.463 citations, and 222 articles indexed in the Web of Science with 1.805 citations. The articles were published in 481 journals, being 244 (50.7%) of them listed on JCR-web. The researchers presented a median 5 of the H index in the Scopus® database, and a median 3 in ISI. Conclusion: The scientific output of the researchers with research productivity fellowship in the field of physical therapy stands out in their indicators, since the figures are very promising for a relatively young area and as it can be observed by the amount of published articles and citations obtained by the national and international research community.

A cross-sectional population-based study was carried out among individuals aged 20 to 69 years in the urban area of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The objective was to analyze characteristics of hypertensive patients in relation to management of arterial hypertension. Among the 1,968 interviewees, 380 were hypertensive (19.3%), and 44.1% of these always consulted the same physician. Of the entire sample, 85.5% were sedentary, 48.2% showed excessive fat consumption, and 47.4% smoked. Most physicians recommend the following: lowering salt consumption (98.4%), cessation of alcohol consumption (93.7%), for losing weight, diet and consumption of low-fat food (88.2%), smoking cessation (73.2%), and physical activity (68.9%). The clinical management was classified as inadequate in 284 individuals (74.7%). Increased probability of adequate management was found among: women, individuals > 50 years, upper and middle-class patients, non-smokers, and patients with diabetes mellitus. Some findings showed positive aspects, but differences according to socioeconomic status evidenced lack of equity in care.

Revista Conhecimento Online | Novo Hamburgo | a. 12 | v. 1 | jan./abr. 2020 RESUMONo Brasil, a Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS) é porta de entrada no serviço de saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). A rede é constituída por unidades de saúde onde profissionais preparados para atuar na prevenção e manutenção da saúde da comunidade buscam atender às necessidades locais de forma equitativa, eficaz e precisa. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever o perfil dos profissionais da APS, vinculados a Especialização em Saúde da Família -UNA-SUS UFCSPA. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com profissionais da saúde não participantes do Programa Mais Médicos, que atuam na APS no Rio Grande do Sul vinculados ao curso, entre 2011 e 2013, para observar as características dos profissionais e o seu vínculo com o trabalho. Entre os 277 avaliados, a maioria são mulheres, enfermeiras, com média de 35 anos, formadas a menos de 10 anos, 88% trabalham em ESF, e 73,1% participam de equipes de saúde bucal. A pós-graduação concluída direcionada para APS foi observada em 30% dos profissionais; e 56,3% estavam no primeiro trabalho em APS, com media de 4,5 anos de atuação; 40,4% tinham outra atividade remunerada (77% médicos). Observou-se que 59% estavam satisfeitos com o tipo de vínculo, e entre a maioria foi observada a satisfação com as condições gerais de trabalho (58,1%), com a estrutura física e com os equipamentos das unidades (58,3%). Observaram-se profissionais com menor idade e pouca especialidade na área, entretanto, todos eles buscando aprimoramento através da Especialização para melhorar sua atuação na APS. Palavras-chave: Atenção Primária à Saúde. Saúde da Família. Profissionais da Saúde. ABSTRACTIn Brazil Primary Health Care (PHC) is the gateway to health service of the Unified Health System. The network consists of health unit where professionals seek to meet local needs fairly and effectively, and it must rely on trained professionals to work in community health prevention and maintenance. The aim of this study is to describe the profile of PHC professionals who are linked to UNA-SUS-UFCSPA's Specialization Program in Family Health. A cross-sectional study with health professionals who work in PHC in Rio Grande do Sul and were linked to the program between 2011 and 2013 was conducted to observe the characteristics of professionals and their relationship with work. Among the participants (277), the majority are women, nurses with an average of 35 years, professionals for less than 10 years, 88% work in FHS, and 73.1% with oral health team. The completed a graduate degree focused on PHC was observed in 30% of the professionals; 56.3% were working their first job in PHC, with a median of 4.5 years of operation; and 40.4% engaged in another paid activity (77% physicians). It was observed that 59% were satisfied with their type of employment, and most participants showed to be satisfied with their general working conditions (58.1%) and the physical structure and equipment of the health unit (58.3%). Younger professionals and with lit...

Estima-se que, no Brasil, a população com 60 anos ou mais será em torno de 34 milhões em 2025. O idoso vivencia em seu processo de envelhecimento uma série de alterações, que proporcionam o aparecimento de uma série de doenças que podem conduzi-lo ao óbito. Diante de tal realidade, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a evolução na taxa de mortalidade em idosos de municípios do interior do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no período de 1996 a 2004, levando em consideração as faixas etárias e as diferenças entre os gêneros neste período, além de identificar as principais causas de óbitos. Dos resultados encontrados, podemos salientar que as doenças do aparelho circulatório apresentaram as taxas mais elevadas, seguidas pelas doenças do aparelho respiratório e neoplasias. Entre os gêneros, o diabetes mellitus apresenta maior prevalência entre as mulheres. Com relação à idade, as maiores taxas se encontram na população com mais de 80 anos.