In the present work, we describe the preparation and subsequent characterization of polymeric blends consisting of a monoglyceride (MG) synthesized from the Babassu's oil and the already commonly employed polyaniline (PAni). By following changes in the complex impedance of capacitor-like devices we observe that the presence of MG in the PAni/MG blends decreases electrical conductivity and that this decrease is a function of the content of MG in the blend, i.e., the blend with 30% of MG shows Z 0 about seven times greater than the one with 10% of MG. Fourier transform infrared measurements prove the formation of MG and the presence of secondary amine groups (NAH bonds) in the blends, which allow for the chemical doping of PAni by protonation, further studies are necessary to access the viability of employing this new material as active layer in electronic organic devices. Atomic force microscopy images show the formation of agglomerates due to the presence of MG. In addition, the polymeric mixture acts only as a blend, providing a physical interaction between different components.
The management and disposal of residues have become an industrial, economic, and environmental issue. Kraft process is widely employed in the production of pulp and, one of its characteristic is the almost complete recovery of the reagents used to obtain cellulose. However, this recovery process can generate residues such as Dregs. In order to recycle this residue, here we demonstrate for the first time the utilization of Dregs waste as filler in natural rubber (NR) composites in order to reinforce mechanical properties. Dregs waste was added to the NR in proportions of 10, 20, and 30 phr. Composites with 10 phr of Dregs showed the best result for abrasion resistance around 212.9 mm3. Meanwhile, NR composite with 20 phr of waste presented greater stress and strain at rupture, 12.44 MPa and 863%, respectively.
The development of urban cities increases the amount of construction and demolition waste, such as ceramic materials, mainly clay bricks, and consequently, generates cost for the management and environmental disposal due to the few routes to recycle or reuse them. Here, it is proposed a new approach to reuse clay bricks waste (CB) composed by red ceramic as reinforcement filler to natural rubber (NR) composites. It was verified that the residue is mostly composed of silicon, which is a filler widely used in rubber industry as SiO2, to mechanically reinforce composites. Tensile strength showed an increment around 16% when 20 phr of CB waste was added to the natural rubber (reaching 12,4 MPa). In addition, composites with 10 phr of waste showed great abrasion resistance and the hardness property increased as CB waste was added. The results indicate that the residue can be used as a possible filler in natural rubber products.
The development of urban cities increases the amount of construction and demolition waste, such as ceramic materials, mainly clay bricks, and consequently, generates cost for the management and environmental disposal due to the few routes to recycle or reuse them. Here, it is proposed a new approach to reuse clay bricks waste (CB) composed by red ceramic as reinforcement filler to natural rubber (NR) composites. It was verified that the residue is mostly composed of silicon, which is a filler widely used in rubber industry as SiO2, to mechanically reinforce composites. Tensile strength showed an increment around 16% when 20 phr of CB waste was added to the natural rubber (reaching 12,4 MPa). In addition, composites with 10 phr of waste showed great abrasion resistance and the hardness property increased as CB waste was added. The results indicate that the residue can be used as a possible filler in natural rubber products.
The reuse of industrial waste plays a crucial role in avoiding environmental impacts caused by incorrect disposal. The industrial production commonly generates huge volumes of wastes and also, increase costs associated to waste management and landfills maintenance. This study investigates the reuse of Grits waste, from cellulose kraft industry, as filler on gypsum plaster. The samples were prepared in proportions of 100/0, 85/15, 75/25 and 50/50 Gypsum/Grits and, tested at 7, 14, 21, 28 days. The mechanical resistance with incorporation until 25wt% of Grits as filler is over than the regulatory standards recommendations. Flexural and compression strength tests for 15wt% of gypsum replaced achieving 4.5 MPa and 8.3 MPa, respectively. The manufacture of Gypsum/Grits became a viable solution for waste management and, has a great potential of enabling fabrication of gypsum plaster board, a low cost and more sustainable new material.
With the advances in the field of civil construction and the world population growth, the development of policies is necessary for the management and reuse of generated residue. Thus, the present work proposes the use of expanded natural rubber as a polymeric matrix incorporated with eucalyptus filler as a reinforcing filler for the production of composites. Thermal insulation capacity was determined by the transient plane source and acoustic method by impedance tube. NR/W40 foam showed enhanced the acoustic insulation capacity. The maximum absorption of NR/W40 was 0.83, at 3257 Hz, which is three times higher than natural rubber foam. Highly inhomogeneous cell structures were observed with large, interconnected pores, improving the acoustic performance. Sound absorption coefficient for natural rubber foam with 40% wood (0.83 ± 0.046) was similar to PU foam (0.97 ± 0.009) with 20 mm in thickness, a density of 47 kg/m3 and 98% open cell content it is a well-known acoustic absorbent in the building sector. The NR/W40 sample recorded the best acoustic performance among the NR foams analyzed in this work, maintaining good sound absorption above 1500 Hz, demonstrating a possibility of wood reuse as a filler in based-rubber foam for acustic insulation.
The development of urban cities increases the amount of construction and demolition waste, such as ceramic materials, mainly clay bricks, and consequently, generates cost for the management and environmental disposal due to the few routes to recycle or reuse them. Here, it is proposed a new approach to reuse clay bricks waste (CB) composed by red ceramic as a reinforcement filler to natural rubber (NR) composites. It was verified that the residue is mostly composed of silicon, which is a filler widely used in rubber industry as SiO2, to mechanically reinforce composites. Tensile strength showed an increment around 16% when 20 phr of CB waste was added to the natural rubber (reaching 12,4 MPa). In addition, composites with 10 phr of waste showed great abrasion resistance and the hardness property increased as CB waste was added. The results indicate that the residue can be used as a possible filler in natural rubber products.
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