Endodontic instrumentation systems can cause extrusion of debris. Apical extrusion has been reported as the main cause of pain after completion of endodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare canal preparation time and apical extrusion of debris during instrumentation with the ProTaper Next (PTN), WaveOne Gold (WOG), and Reciproc Blue (RCB) systems. Forty-five roots of extracted mandibular first molars, with curved mesiobuccal canals (10-20°) and independent foramina, were distributed across 3 experimental groups (n=15 each) according to the instrumentation system used. Roots were secured in Eppendorf tubes, the canals were irrigated with double-distilled water, and the instrumentation time was recorded. After instrumentation, the roots were removed from the device and the amount of extruded debris was calculated by subtracting the initial weight from the final weight. Descriptive analyses were performed, followed by the Kruskal-Wallis test with a post-hoc Dunn's test. The PTN system was associated with significantly (p <0.05) greater amounts of extruded debris and longer instrumentation time. There was no significant difference between the WOG and RCB groups (p> 0.05) between the amount of debris extruded and instrumentation time. Conclusion: The RCB and WOG were associated with less debris extrusion and shorter instrumentation time when compared to the PTN system.
Endodontic instrumentation systems can cause dentinal cracks. These defects may propagate a vertical root fracture to the teeth and extraction will be necessary. The purpose of this study was to compare the formation of root crack caused by the rotatory and reciprocating system. Forty-five extracted human mandibular molars were selected for this study. The mesial roots have been removed and randomly divided into 3 groups according to instrumentation technique: GWG-waveOne Gold primary, GRP: reciproc Blue R25 and GPN -Protaper Next X2. The roots were standardized at 16mm in length and only the mesio buccal canals were prepared by the respective instruments. The mesio-lingual root canal served as control of the research. After root canal instrumentation the roots were the horizontally sectioned at 3, 6 and 9mm from the apex with low-speed saw under water-cooling. The slices were analyzed at X12 magnification with operative microscopy to determine the presence of dentinal cracks. The Friedman test was used to analyze the data. The control did not exhibit and dentinal defects however, all the evaluated systems promoted crack rates. There was no difference among the groups in crack frequency. According to he results, root canal instrumentation with rotatory or reciprocanting files can result in some microcracks in root dentin.
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