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This paper explores how deliberative workshops might enhance social learning about climate change adaptation among land managers in northwest Europe (Scotland). To date, methods for enhancing social learning in the context of adaptation and climate change have been neglected. In this study, location specifi c agro-meteorological indicators for both observed and future climate data were produced. The indicators were used as a basis for discussion in four deliberative workshops. The workshops sought to raise awareness of climate change issues, ensure the validity and utility of the indicators, stimulate thinking about adaptive responses and increase land managers' capacity to adapt. Land managers' adaptations to climate change fell into four broad categories: changing what they do, how they do it, when they do it or the frequency with which they do it. This paper therefore refl ects on the use of deliberative workshops as an effective technique to enhance social learning regarding adapting to climate change.Social learning's normative goal, to improve the management of human and environmental interrelations, makes it appropriate to address challenges of climate change and land management. Agriculture and related systems remain the principal land-use sector by area for much of the world (Matthews et al., 2008d) and agriculture remains a key policy priority due to employment in the agri-food supply chain, security of food supply and environmental stewardship (Adger, 2001). Climate change is identifi ed as a key threat to rural communities in Scotland's Sustainable Development and Climate Change Strategies (Scottish Executive 2005. Scotland has responded to this challenge via its Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009. Climate change scenarios suggest the need for adaptation by land managers, as changes in weather will have considerable impact on management practices and yields. Land managers need to understand the nature of these changes and respond, drawing on a combination of local and the best available scientifi c knowledge.This paper describes how social learning was stimulated through deliberation over climate change trends and indicators. The paper begins by reviewing current work on climate change adaptation in agriculture before highlighting how this could be enriched by drawing on the social learning literature. The case study design and the methods used are described, before the fi ndings are discussed in terms of potential adaptation strategies and the role of workshops in enhancing social learning. The implications of these fi ndings in terms of policy are considered before the paper is concluded.

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This paper explores the interconnections and relative importance of seven determinants implicit in the development of sustainable tourism indicators. These determinants provide a framework for understanding the process of indicator selection for sustainable tourism. This research has suggested that some of the implicit determinants may be interconnected and some may be more important than others. The paper reports findings from twelve stakeholder groups in two Scottish National Parks which are engaged in developing sustainable tourism indicators. It is important for park authorities to be aware of the different views of stakeholder groups on the issues surrounding indicator selection and development and this research provided an opportunity for such groups to be consulted. The paper will examine the relative importance each group placed on the implicit determinants and consider possible reasons for between-group differences. Analysis will also focus on the existence of linkages between individual implicit determinants. The paper concludes that different typologies of stakeholder groups exist, affecting both the interpretation of, and importance attributed to, the determinants and that the framework as a whole serves to be more than the sum of its parts. Résumé: Création d'indicateurs de développement durable du tourisme en Ecosse : que doit-on en retenirCet article explore les relations et la valeur relative de sept facteurs implicites dans la création d'indicateurs de développement durable du tourisme. Ces facteurs offrent un cadre qui permet de comprendre le processus de sélection d'indicateurs en vue d'un tourisme durable. Notre recherche suggère que certains des facteurs implicites sont sans doute interconnectés et certains sont peutêtre plus importants que d'autres. Dans l'article nous donnons des résultats basés sur douze groupes impliqués dans deux parcs nationauxécossais qui sont en train de créer des indicateurs de tourisme durable. Il est important que les régisseurs de parcs connaissent les points de vue des groupes impliqués au sujet des problèmes qui concernent la sélection et le développement d'indicateurs. Notre recherche offre l'occasion de consulter ces groupes. L'article examine l'importance relative que chaque groupe assigne aux facteurs implicites et considère les raisons plausibles pour les différences qui existent entre les groupes. Nous y analysons aussi l'existence de liens entre chacun des facteurs implicites. Nous en concluons qu'il existe des typologies différentes de la part des groupes impliqués qui affectent tant l'interprétation des déterminants que leur importance, et que le cadre considéré comme un tout est plus utile que la somme de ses composants. Zusammenfassung: Entwicklung von Indikatoren für Nachhaltigen Tourismus in Schottland: Was sollten wir berücksichtigen? Dieser Artikel erforscht die Beziehungen von sieben entscheidenden Faktoren sowie deren relative Bedeutung für die Entwicklung von Indikatoren des Nachhaltigen Tourismus. Diese Faktoren liefern das Gerüst für das Vers...

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