In this work, two agro-industrial wastes, namely Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) and Coffee Wastewater (CW) have been used as the carbon source for the production of biosurfactants, due to their low cost and high availability. Biosurfactant-producing bacterial isolates from the Mexican state of Chiapas were used. The selected biosurfactant-producer strains were evaluated in a liquid medium with 2% (v/v) of WCO as the carbon source. The assay was conducted in an Erlenmeyer flask containing 300 mL aliquots of mineral salt media (MSM) + residue and incubated at 100 rpm at room temperature for 96 hours. The biosurfactant produced in the samples reduced the surface tension from 50 to 30-29 mN/m. Strains A and 83 showed the maximum emulsification index at 58-59%. Strain A showed the highest biosurfactant yield with a production of 3.7 g/L in comparison with strains B, 83 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853. Our results suggest that the biosurfactant produced by strain A has great potential in the treatment of wastewater with a high content of fatty acids, and of soils contaminated by pesticides or oil hydrocarbons.
El aceite usado de cocina fue utilizado como fuente de carbono para la generación de biosurfactantes microbianos, estos productos son tensoactivos que pueden ser aplicados para el tratamiento de ambientes contaminados con compuestos orgánicos persistentes. Se realizó la selección de nueve cepas de bacterias nativas del Estado de Chiapas en agar con medio selectivo de sales minerales y azul de metileno, mediante la detección de cepas bacterianas formadoras de halos de crecimiento de blanco de metilo. Las cepas bacterianas seleccionadas fueron crecidas en medio liquido con 2 % v/v de aceite usado de cocina
como única fuente de carbono en matraces erlenmeyer de 125 mL, con una agitación de 120 rpm durante 144 horas a temperatura ambiente. Se determinaron las propiedades tensoactivas durante el experimento. La tensión superficial de las cepas C y D fue de 27.9 y 27.4 mN/m respectivamente y las cepas A, B y 83 presentaron valores de índice de emulsión mayores a 20 %. Se concluyó que las cepas bacterianas nativas producen biosurfactantes utilizando como sustrato el aceite usado de cocina y tienen la capacidad de
producirlo.
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