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Light microscope and electron microscope studies of conidium ontogeny in the Chromelosporium state of Peziza ostracoderma Korf show that the solitary blastoconidia are produced synchronously on swollen elongate divergent ampullae through a process involving denticle development at localized 'soft spots' in the ampulla wall followed by a 'ballooning' of the denticle tip to form the conidium. Cytoplasm and nuclei move from the ampullae into the developing conidia. The occurrence and position of lomasomes in denticles and conidia support the assumption that these multivesicular bodies are associated with wall synthesis. The taxonomic and nomenclatural history of the Chromelosporium state of Peziza ostracoderma is reviewed.

Fifteen species of wood-inhabiting marine fungi recovered from intertidal wood collected in southern Chile (lat. 43°–55° S), eight Ascomycetes and seven Fungi Imperfecti, are new records for the cold temperate zone of the southern hemisphere. Three of the Ascomycete species were previously reported south of the equator from Australia and one of the Fungi Imperfecti is known from southern Brazil. Monodictys pelagica (Johnson) Jones was the most frequently collected species. The species composition of the Chilean collection is strikingly similar to the species composition of the intertidal lignicolous mycoflora of northern cold temperate waters. A distributional bipolarity is suggested for this group of "cold water" species. A review of lignicolous and algicolous marine fungi reported for the southern hemisphere is included.

Trichomaris invadens Hibbits, Hughes and Sparks, gen. et sp. nov., an apparent obligate parasite of the tanner crab, Chionoecetes bairdi Rathbun, is described. This marine ascomycete is characterized by black, globose, aparaphysate perithecia borne on and in a subiculum of darkly pigmented encrusting hyphae on the exterior of the carapaces and appendages of host crabs; by two-celled ascospores bearing an unusually long, hairlike appendage at either end; and by internal hyphal invasion and destruction of host tissues following penetration of the carapace. Trichomaris invadens is the first pyrenomycete known to parasitize a marine crustacean. Observations on the pathogenicity of the fungus are included.

From a total of 18 species of lignicolous fungi collected, 11 Ascomycetes, 1 Basidiomycete, and 3 Deuteromycetes represent first records from Newfoundland. Digitatispora marina Doguet and Zalerion varium Anastasiou are reported from the western North Atlantic area and the nematode-trapping Hyphomycete Arthrobotrys superba Corda was collected in a marine habitat. The Deuteromycete Monodictys pelagica (Johnson) Jones was the most frequently collected species.