Dopamine (DA) is a hormone and a neurotransmitter that plays many important roles within the brain and body. It is an organic compound in the catecholamines and phenethylamines groups. A considerable effort has been made since its discovery, and numerous techniques for DA detection have been developed. Graphene and its derivatives have great potential for the development of sensors and biosensors. Since it has excellent characteristics, such as good conductivity and a large surface area, a graphene-based biosensor is expected to have high sensitivity, selectivity, and long-term stability characteristics. Graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized using a chemical method through graphite oxidation. Graphene oxide/poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (4-styrenesulfonate) (GO/PEDOT:PSS) composite films were prepared using an electropolymerization method on the surface of the working electrode. The properties of this composite electrode were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The performance of the composite film was evaluated using three-electrode systems that consisted of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modifying a composite film electrode as a working electrode, a platinum electrode as an auxiliary electrode, and Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode. The variation of the composite electrode was applied and evaluated to DA electrochemical sensing. The GO/PEDOT:PSS-modified electrode also exhibits high performance with a low detection limit of 1 μM. The results obtained have shown that GO/PEDOT:PSS/GCE composites are promising candidates for modifying electrode material used in electrochemical sensing.
Ruang operasi merupakan tempat untuk melakukan pembedahan organ tubuh pasien yang harus bebas dari paparan. Sehingga penting untuk menjaga kestabilan suhu dan kelembaban serta system HVAC. Merancang system HVAC yang sesuai standar ruang operasi tentunya akan memakan banyak biaya. Hal inilah yang membuat rumah sakit harus merancang sistem tata udara di ruang operasi yang hemat energy tetapi tetap sesuai standar. Artikel ini akan menjabarkan berbagai penelitian terkait system hemat energy di ruang operasi dan system HVAC di ruang operasi. Selain itu, artikel ini juga akan menjabarkan standar yang digunakan dunia serta Indonesia dalam mendesain ruang operasi. Hasil tinjauan menunjukkan agar rumah sakit dapat dengan optimal melakukan manajemen energi yang baik dengan tetap menerapkan system HVAC yang benar.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.