Shells are a waste of crab (Portunus pelagicus) and green mussels (Perna viridis) waste in Karangantu. That is a problem for the environment with a large number. One solution is to use it as a raw material for chitosan. This study aims to see the potential of crab shells and green mussel shells as well as raw materials for chitosan biomaterials. This research used shell waste of P. pelagicus and P. viridis (3 replications). The stages of the method of this research include the preparation of raw materials, manufacture of chitosan, and analysis product. Parameters measured in this study include yield, moisture, ash, degree of deacetylation, and viscosity. The results showed that the yield, ash, and viscosity of green mussels shells were higher than that of crab shells, but the moisture and degree of deacetylation were lower. These results indicate that crab shells are better than clam shells, although the yield is lower as a potential for making chitosan from waste in Karangantu.
The research used the thrust bearing of a 1298cc automobile. The thrust-bearing material was annealed stainless steel (SS 201) with a tensile strength of 685 MPa and a yield strength of 292 MPa. The research objective was to obtain the best static thrust-bearing analysis results based on CAE software analysis. The research method included design stages, material parameters, fixed geometry determination, loading, meshing settings, computation, and result data. The simulation results were in the form of stress values, where the maximum stress value on the three-hole, one-hole, and non-hole thrust bearings were 227.2 MPa, 215.1 MPa, and 138 MPa, respectively. The non-hole thrust bearing could be the safest among all variations. The non-hole thrust bearing had a critical stress area value of 154 MPa, where it could absorb a force of 52.75% of the yield strength, the lowest strain was 8.531E-4, and had the highest minimum safety factor of 1.896.
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