Approximately 7% of adults supported with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for respiratory failure had neurologic injury. Intracranial hemorrhage was the most frequent type, and survival for patients with neurologic injury was poor. Future investigations should evaluate anticoagulation management as well as brain/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation interaction to reduce these life-threatening events.
To optimize cardiac resynchronization therapy with epicardial leads, mapping to determine the best pace site is a prerequisite. Pressure-volume loops offer real-time guidance for targeting epicardial lead placement during minimal invasive surgery.
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