ABSTRACT:The present study aims to elucidate the risk factors involved in deaths caused by scorpion envenomation. A retrospective study was carried out in the province of Kelâa des Sraghna from 2003 to 2004. The hospital charts of scorpion envenomation cases treated in the Essalama Hospital in Kelâa des Sraghna were exhaustively analyzed. Our study contains 31 cases of death among 470 hospitalization cases. Most stings had occurred during the hot period peaking in July and August (54.6%). Moreover, the scorpion stings occurred at night in 60.1% of the cases, between 6:00 pm and 6:00 am. In addition, all age groups were affected by envenomation, with a higher frequency in children aged less than 15 years (68.3%). The envenomation rate (class II + class III) was 70.9%. The statistical analysis of the data shows that being less than 15 years old, having been stung during the night and belonging to class III are risk factors that aggravate vital prognosis of hospitalized patients. Furthermore, clinical severity factors, elicited by relative risk analysis, are cardiovascular, respiratory and neurological vital distresses, with relative risks of 14.84, 11.92 and 48.33, respectively. The results of our study clearly displayed the severity and extent of the scorpion envenomation problem. Thus, great attention must be paid to this region of Morocco by the national health authorities.
This works investigates the reliability of scorpion stings treatment adopted by the Moroccan Poison Control and Pharmacovigilance Center and its application at the provincial level hospital in Kelaa Des Sraghna. The study was based on a sample of 984 cases reviewed from the hospitalization records from this establishment. The results of the distribution of patients according to the level of severity of the cases showed that the Class II category represents 67.45% (n=518 cases) and Class III represents 8.33% (n=64 cases). Although patients ranked in Class I should not be hospitalized, the study found that 24.22% of the cases recorded during the study period belong to this category of patients. Among the 186 cases registered in Class I, 8.06% (n=15) displayed clinical signs; this implies a problem in the classification of these patients. However, the study of the correlation between the classification of those admitted and their respective clinical signs and symptoms revealed that those clinical indicators corresponded well to the categories in which patients were placed. Moreover, the study showed that the evolution of patients depends significantly on the distress signals (Class III) and on some signs indicated severity: priapism, sweating and vomiting (Class II).
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