Abstract. Management strategies for fisheries species require understanding their connectivity and population dynamics. The Brazilian slipper lobster, Scyllarides brasiliensis, is one of the most commercially important slipper lobster species in South America. We investigated, for the first time, the population genetic structure and evolutionary history of this species. Analyses of sequences of the cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) and the control region (CR) did not reveal any significant genetic structure of S. brasiliensis (N ¼ 202) along 2700 km of the Atlantic coast (COI:The genetic homogeneity found suggests high levels of gene flow along the area that are possibly related to the high dispersal potential of the planktonic larvae of the species. Furthermore, the data indicate that demographic and geographical expansions of this slipper lobster population have occurred during the late and middle Pleistocene, which could be related to the fluctuating environmental conditions of that period.

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There is widespread concern about the increase in cases of human and animal infections caused by pathogenic Vibrio species due to the emergence of epidemic lineages. In Colombia, active surveillance by the National Institute of Health (INS) has confirmed the presence of Vibrio; however, in routine surveillance, these isolates are not genomically characterized. This study focused on the pangenome analysis of six Vibrio species: V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. alginolyticus, V. fluvialis, V. diabolicus and V. furnissii to determine the genetic architectures of potentially virulent and antimicrobial resistance traits. Isolates from environmental and clinical samples were genome sequenced, assembled and annotated. The most important species in public health were further characterized by multilocus sequence typing and phylogenomics. For V. parahaemolyticus, we found the virulent ST3 and ST120 genotypes. For V. vulnificus, we identified isolates belonging to lineages 1 and 2. Virulence gene homologues between species were found even in non-pathogenic species such as V. diabolicus. Annotations related to the mobilome, integrative mobile and conjugative elements and resistance genes were obtained from environmental and clinical isolates. This study contributes genomic information to the intensified surveillance program implemented by the INS to establish potential sources of vibriosis in Colombia.