Two field experiments were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt during the two successive seasons of 2007 and 2008. The objectives of this research were: (i) to study the effect of irrigation scheduling using three different pan evaporation coefficients on maize yield; (ii) to evaluate the growth, yield and N use efficiency of maize as affected by different rates of N fertilization. The treatments were arranged in a split plot design with four replicates. The main plots were assigned with three irrigation regimes I1, I2and I3 irrigated at 1.2 ,1.0 and 0.8 of accumulation of A.P.E. Five nitrogen rates i.e. zero,60, 90,120 and 150 kg N fed.-1 in the sub plots namely N1, N2, N3 , N4 and N5 . Results showed that 1.2 of A.P.E significantly increased grain yield by 5.4, 8.9% and straw yield by 5.7 , 11.3% compared to irrigation at 1.0, 0.8 of A.P.E. respectively. Also irrigation at 1.2 of A.P.E resulted in higher amount of irrigation water applied to be 3150 m 3 /fed distributed on 7 irrigations , followed by irrigation at 1.0 to be 2830 m 3 /fed distributed on 6 irrigations , and irrigation at 0.8 of A.P.E. was 2370 m 3 /fed distributed on 5 ones. The highest consumptive water used was obtained under irrigation with 1.2 pan evaporation coefficient i.e. 2386 m 3 .while the lowest 1998 m 3 obtained from irrigation at 0.8 of A.P.E.. Lower frequent irrigation due to irrigation at 0.8 of A.P.E. resulted in a significantly increased water productivity compared to the other two irrigation treatments it was 1.260, 1.903 and 1.957 kg/m 3 for I1, I2 and I3 respectively Increasing nitrogen rates up to 150 kg N fed.-1 (N5 ) significantly increased grain and straw yield by 69 , 50 ; 11.9 ,22.5 ; 4.7 , 4.7 % as compared to N1 ; N2 ; N3 treatments respectively but not significant with N4 Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) increased with decreasing water applied .It was 77.47 , 79.25 and 80.07 % for I1 , I2 , I3,respectively , and decreased with increasing N rate; 88.1 ,85.7 , 77.4 and 64.5 for N2 ; N3 ; N4 and N5 respectively. Therefore, to increase water productivity and to save irrigation water, it could be recommended to irrigate maize at 1.0 of A.P.E in middle north Nile Delta soils to save water of about 320 m 3

Two field trials were carried out at Sakha Agric. Res. St. farm during two successive winter seasons of 2007/2008 and 2008/2009, to assess the effect of planting methods and phosphorus fertilization treatments on faba bean yield, nutrient contents and some water relationships. Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seeds var. Sakha 2 were planted on November in both seasons. Split plot design was used with four replicates. The main plots were assigned by two planting methods i.e. A: 120 cm furrow spacing with 4 planting rows per furrow and B:60 cm furrow spacing with 2 planting rows per furrow. The sub plots were assigned by four phosphorus treatments .e.1-application of 30 kg P2O5 fed-1 (ha = 2.4 fed.) as superphosphate 15.5% P2O5 (P2O5 = 2.29 x P) , 2-completing the soil available phosphorus up to 30 kg P2O5 fed

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Two field experiments were carried out at Wady Elnatron, El-Behera Governorate, "Wady Elnatron located in the west desert near the Delta about 90 kilometers north west of Cairo", during 2008 and 2009 seasons to study the effect of irrigation water amounts and nitrogen rates on maize yield and the net return from these treatments under drip irrigation system. Split plot design was used with four replicates. The main plots were assigned by four irrigation water amounts (100 %, 90 %, 80 % and 70 %) of evapotranspiration (ETc). The sub-plots were randomly assigned by four nitrogen rates (zero, 50, 100 and 150 kg N fed.-1 ) as ammonium nitrate (ha = 2.4 fed.). The other recommended agriculture practices were done. Four polynomial quadratic equations were established to show the following results: 1. The maximum and optimum N rates (Xm and Xopt) were increased by decreasing irrigation water amounts from 100% to 70% of ETc in the two seasons. 2. The maximum and optimum maize yields (Ym and Yopt) were decreased by decreasing irrigation water amounts from 100% to 70% of ETc in the two seasons. 3. The highest maximum yield (4.307 ton fed.-1 ), the highest total value of yield (6394.5 L.E fed.-1 ) and the highest return of N fertilizer (1744.5 LE fed.-1 ) were obtained with 100 % of ETc used in the two seasons. 4. The efficiencies of N rates (eX) were decreased by increasing N rates from N0 to N1, N2 and N3, respectively with different irrigation water amounts. 5. The relative efficiency (EX), the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer at optimum rate (eXopt) and the efficiency of soil nitrogen (eXs) were decreased as irrigation water amounts decreased. 6. The soil nitrogen content during plant growth (Xs) was decreased as irrigation water amounts decreased. 7. The contribution of soil N was decreased as irrigation water amounts decreased in the two seasons. 8. The contribution of N fertilizer was increased by increasing N levels in the two seasons.

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Two field experiments were carried out at Wady Elnatron, El-Behera Governorate, during 2007 and 2008 seasons, to study the effect of irrigation water amounts and nitrogen rates, on cucumber yield and the net return from these treatments, under drip irrigation system. Split-plot design was used with four replicates. The main plots were assigned by four irrigation water amounts (100%, 90%, 80% and 70%) of evapotranspiration (ETc). The sub-plots were randomly assigned by four nitrogen rates (0 addition (N0), 50 (N1), 100 (N2) and 150 (N3) kg N fed.-1 .) as ammonium nitrate. The other recommended agriculture practices were done. Four polynomial quadratic equations were established to show the following results: 1. The maximum and optimum N rates (Xm and Xopt) were increased as irrigation water amounts decreased in the two seasons. 2. The maximum and optimum cucumber yields (Ym and Yopt) were decreased as irrigation water amounts decreased in the two seasons. 3. The highest maximum yield (23.01 ton fed-1), (1 feddan = 0.42 hectar), the highest total value of yield (27605 L.E. fed-1) and the highest return of N fertilizer (13864 L.E. fed-1) were obtained as irrigation water amount 100% of ETc used in the two seasons. 4. The efficiencies of N rates (eX) were decreased as N rates increased from N0 to N1, N2 and N3, respectively, with different irrigation water amounts. 5. The efficiency average (X e), the relative efficiency (EX) and the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer at optimum rate (eXopt), were decreased as irrigation water amounts decreased. 6. The soil nitrogen content during plant growth (Xs) was increased as irrigation water amounts decreased. 7. The contribution of soil N was decreased as irrigation water amounts decreased in the two seasons. 8. The contribution of N fertilizer was increased as N levels increased in the two seasons.

Two field experiments were conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station Farm, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. The site is allocated at 31 0-07' N Latitude, 30 0-57'E Longitude with an elevation of about 6 metres above mean sea level, during the two successive seasons of 2009 and 2010. The rice cultivar was Sakha 104. The experiment was designed as a split split-plot design with four replicates. The main plots were randomly occupied by two nitrogen resources urea (F1) and gaseous ammonia (F2). While two planting methods treatments; traditional transplanting in flooded soil (M1) and Transplanting in beds (M2) were assigned to sub-plots and three irrigation depths 9, 7 and 5 cm for d1, d2 and d3, respectively. Results showed that both submerged depth of 9 and 7 cm significantly increased plant height, number of tillers/m 2 ,panicle weight and 1000 grain weight compared to submerged depth of 5 cm, there were no significant differences between submerged depth of 9 and 7 cm. Planting in bottom of beds significantly increased grain yield, number of tillers/hill, number of panicles/hill, panicle length, plant height, Panicle weight and 1000 grains weight by 3.45%, 6.2%, 6.7%, 19.9%, 4.9 %,0.58% and 1.6%, respectively compared with traditional planting method. There were no significant differences in grain yield between nitrogen resources, urea and gaseous ammonia. Average amounts of the applied irrigation water were 13933, and 10997 m 3 /ha. for traditional planting and planting in bottom of beds respectively, i.e. method of planting in bottom of bed saved about 21% of the irrigation water applied. Productivity of irrigation water was increased significantly by 58%. Therefore, method of planting in bottom of beds could be applied for the rice in North Delta Egypt, it enhanced WP by 67.1% and saved water by 21% without significant reduction in its yield, compared with traditional planting. Abbreviations: Productivity of irrigation water (PIW), irrigation water applied (IWA), grain yield (GY), Straw yield (SY), nitrogen resources (F) Planting method (M), and depth of irrigation water (d).

A field experiment was carried out at El-Roba village, Baltim, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt during two consecutive growing summer seasons 2004 and 2005 to study the effect of irrigation regimes, organic manure and source and levels of nitrogen fertilizers on zea maize yield and nutrient contents.The obtained results could be summarized as follows:The highest values of N concentration in ear leaf (1.89%) in the 1 st season as well as P concentration (0.323 and 0.319 %) and K concentration (2.62 and 2.67 %) in both seasons were obtained from zea maize plants irrigated at 1.3 evaporation pan coefficient with applying 10 m 3 chicken manure fed -1 and fertilized with enciabeen at 320 kg N fed. -1 .The highest values of ear diameter (5.48 cm) and N concentration (1.94 %) in the 2 nd season and grain yield (28.69 and 30.1 ardab fed. -1 ) in both seasons were obtained from zea maize plants irrigated at 1.3 evaporation pan coefficient, fertilized with 10 m 3 chicken manure fed. -1 and fertilized with urea at 160 kg N fed. -1 .The highest values of ear diameter (4.5cm) in the 1 st season and 100-grain weight (32.91 and 33.3 g ) in the 1 st and 2 nd seasons were obtained from zea maize plants irrigated at 1.3 evaporation pan coefficient, fertilized with 10 m 3 chicken manure fed. -1 and fertilized with urea at 240 kg N fed. -1 .From these results, it could be concluded that the application of irrigation water at 1.3 evaporation pan coefficient could be recommended with zea maize for high production under North Delta conditions.