Objective To assess the self-care practices and associated factors among diabetic patients in West Ethiopia. Results A total of 252 study participants were included in the study, of this 54.8% were male. Of the participants more than half 150 (59.5%) had poor glycemic control and 153 (60.7%) of the participants had good self-care. Majority of the study participants 209 (82.9%) had adequate foot care and more than half 175 (69.4%) and 160 (63.5%) had adequate dietary plan and exercise management respectively. However of the total diabetic patients only 38 (15.1%) had adequate blood glucose testing practices. On multivariable logistic analysis poor self-care practices were more likely to occur among male patients (AOR = 5.551, 95% CI = 2.055–14.997, p = 0.001), patients living in rural area (AOR = 5.517, 95% CI = 2.184–13.938, p < 0.001), patients with duration of diabetes < 6 years (AOR = 41.023, 95% CI = 7.373–228.257, p < 0.001), patients with no access for self-monitoring blood glucose (AOR = 9.448, 95% CI = 2.198–40.617, p = 0.003), patients with poor knowledge about diabetes (AOR = 67.917, 95% CI = 8.212–561.686, p < 0.001) and patients with comorbidities (AOR = 18.621, 95% CI = 4.415–78.540, p < 0.001).

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern in the developing world. World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) list of 30 high TB burden countries accounted for 87% of the world’s cases. The annual infection rate in developing countries reached 2% or more; where as in developed countries this figure is 0.5%. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess treatment outcomes of tuberculosis retreatment case and its determinants at Nekemte Referral Hospital (NRH), West Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. All registered adult TB patients under retreatment regimen who were treated at NRH TB clinics from January 2014 to December 2017 were included in this study. A multiple logistic regression was used to assess the significance and strength of association. A P-value <0.05 was used as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of retreatment case was 12.12%. Of 219 study participants 159(72.6%) were patients with relapse, 43(19.6%) were with retreatment after failure and 17(7.8%) were patients who return after loss to follow-up. On multivariable logistic analysis poor treatment outcome was more likely to occur among patients with positive Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) result at 5th month (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR =4.3, 95%, (1.8-10.0) p=0.001) and patients taking category 1 (2ERHZ/4RH) drugs (AOR=2.1, 95% CI= (1.1-4.5) p=0.048). Conclusion: This study showed that treatment outcomes of TB retreatment case were below standard set by the WHO. Factors that were significantly associated with poor treatment outcome were positive AFB resulting at 5th month and patients on category 1(2ERHZ/4RH).

Background: Herbal medications are plant-derived materials or products with therapeutic or other human health benefits, which contain either raw or processed ingredients from one or more plants. There are many different types of herbal medicine that spring from different cultures around the world. All these have the use of medicinal plants in common. Developing world general population relies on these traditional medicines for primary care. Besides, pregnant women use herbal medicines because of pregnancy related ailments and normal aliments. Therefore, the study aimed to assess prevalence and factors associated with herbal medicine use among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Wollega University Referral Hospital. Method: A facility based cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant women attending Wollega University Referral Hospital antenatal care from May to June 2018. Written informed consent was obtained from study participants prior to data collection. Univariate and Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with herbal medicine use. Association was significant when p-value is less than 0.05. Result: A total of 238 pregnant mothers were participated in the study. The respondents’ age ranges from 17 to 46 years. The prevalence of herbal medicine use among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Wollega University Referral Hospital was 66.40%. The use of herbal medicine during pregnancy was 3.885 times more likely among rural residents (AOR =3.885, 95% CI 1.121-13.47) than urban residents. Respondents who has monthly income between 1001 to 2000 Ethiopian Birr (AOR=2.585, 95% CI 1.125–5.940) were 2.585 times more likely to use Herbal medicine as compared to those who earn >3000 Ethiopian Birr. However, mothers of planned pregnancy (AOR=0.335, 95% CI 0.114-0.986) were less likely to use Herbal medicine as compared to those who had unplanned pregnancy. Conclusion: The prevalence of herbal medicine use among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Wollega University Referral hospital was 66.40%. Commonly used herbs were Garlic (24.37%) and ginger (18.07%). Rural residence and low income had significantly associated to herbal medicine use while planned pregnancy was inversely associated to herbal medicine use.