RESUMOEste artigo tem a finalidade de descrever alguns métodos, diretos e indiretos (convencionais e não convencionais), de medição de vazão em rios e córregos, discutindo a metodologia de cada técnica e seu potencial para estudos em sistemas fluviais. Na literatura muitos dos métodos aqui descritos são utilizados, no entanto, estes muitas vezes não são bem descritos e voltado para um público de nível de graduação, técnicos da área e até mesmo para estudantes ou pesquisadores de pós-graduação que venham a trabalhar com sistemas fluviais. Os principais métodos aqui descritos são através do uso de molinete, Ecosonda, ADCP e meios manuais (medições sem instrumentos de precisão). Palavras-chave: vazão, molinete, Ecosonda, ADCP, sistemas fluviais. TECHNICAL OF DISCHARGE MEASUREMENT THROUGH CONVENTIONAL AND NON CONVENTIONAL MEANS ABSTRACTThis article aims to describe some methods, direct and indirect, of measuring discharge in rivers and small streams, discussing the methodology of each technique and its potential for studies in river systems. In literature many of the methods described are used, however, they often are not well described and aimed at an audience of graduate-level, technical area and even to post-graduate students or researchers who will work with fluvial systems. The main methods described here are through the use of current meter, depth sounder, ADCP and manuals techniques (without instruments of precision measurements).
Studies on spatial occupation are fundamental to understand amphibian communities. The aim of this study was to record information on the spatial distribution of anurans in the Tejipió forest, state of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. Fieldwork was carried out weekly between October 2011 and April 2012, with daytime and night-time excursions for time-constrained active searching, in forested and open areas, military construction area and water bodies. Pitfall traps and accidental sightings were also used as alternative collection methods. Data were used to calculate richness, rarefaction curves and richness estimators. A total of 21 species were recorded, distributed in six families: Bufonidae (2 spp.); Craugastoridae (1 sp.); Hylidae (8 spp.); Leptodactylidae (8 spp.); Microhylidae (1 sp.) and Phyllomedusidae (1 sp.). Only the species Rhinella jimi was found occupying all sampled habitats in the research area. Adenomera hylaedactyla and Pristimantis ramagii deserve special care in the area because they are specialists, occupying a smaller number of habitats and microhabitats. The community of anurans of the Tejipió forest is similar to those recorded in other areas of the Atlantic Forest at the Pernambuco State, and its knowledge is essential as a basis for conservation of the area. The gradual recovery of this Atlantic Forest remnant would favor the recolonization of fauna and flora and the conservation of local biodiversity.
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