The article is based on an exploratory ethnographic observation in four daycare centers serving children from 3 months to 3 years old in Porto, Portugal. The roadmap for ethnographic observation were the principles of positive parenting. As psychiatrists, concerned with the intergenerational transmission of disorders that affect mental health from childhood onwards, we focus on the interactions of kindergarten teachers and education assistants with children. The aim was to broaden the scope of positive parenting and highlight the importance of its principles in the relationship between education professionals and young children in daycare. The main results highlight that the principles of positive parenting - knowing, protecting and dialoguing with the child - are, in general, present in the daycare centers, although not explicitly stated, and vary according to the educational environment of each daycare center, which is permeable to the children’s social background.
RESUMO O artigo baseia-se numa observação etnográfica exploratória em quatro creches acolhendo crianças dos 3 meses aos 3 anos na cidade do Porto, em Portugal. O roteiro da observação etnográfica e da escrita foram os princípios da parentalidade positiva. Sendo psiquiatras, preocupados com a transmissão intergeracional dos transtornos que afetam a saúde mental a partir da infância, focamo-nos nas interações dos adultos com as crianças - educadoras de infância e auxiliares de educação. O objetivo foi alargar o âmbito da parentalidade positiva e evidenciar a importância dos seus princípios na relação entre profissionais de educação e crianças pequenas na creche. Salientam-se, como principais resultados, que os princípios da parentalidade positiva - conhecer, proteger e dialogar com a criança - estão, de uma maneira geral, presentes nas creches, ainda que não explicitados, e apresentam variâncias segundo o ambiente educativo de cada instituição, o qual é permeável ao meio social de origem das crianças.
Introduction Bipolar disorder (BD) is usually diagnosed in adulthood, around childbearing age. Research has shown that BD has deleterious effects on pregnant women and birth outcomes. However, few nationwide studies using administrative data have approached this at-risk population focusing specifically on childbirth. Objectives This study aims to characterize hospitalizations of women with BD in the peripartum period regarding sociodemographic and clinical variables and to investigate the impact BD has on hospitalization outcomes. Methods An observational retrospective study will be performed using an administrative database that comprises routinely collected hospitalization data from all mainland Portuguese public hospitals. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes will be used to identify all women’s admissions for childbirth purposes (V27.X) and codes 296.XX (except 296.2X, 296.3X, 296.9X) will be used to ascertain BD. Episodes will be assigned to one of two mutually exclusive groups (with vs without BD). Multivariate methods will be used to compare both groups concerning key variables and outcomes. This work will comply with the RECORD statement recommendations. Results Descriptive and analytical statistics will be conducted in order to describe and characterize this group of patients. Results will be presented as crude and adjusted odds ratio quantifying the risk associated with BD in pregnancy, childbirth and hospitalization outcomes. Findings will be disseminated via publication in peer-reviewed journals. Conclusions With this nationwide analysis, we expect to contribute to a better understanding of the demographic and clinical profile of pregnant women with BD and to encourage timely medical and psychological interventions during gestation and childbirth. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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