A deterioração da função do sistema de transporte de oxigênio está intimamente ligada ao declínio do desempenho físico no idoso. O Método Pilates surge como forma de condicionamento físico particularmente interessado em proporcionar bem-estar geral ao indivíduo. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a influência do Método Pilates na função cardiorrespiratória de idosos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo do tipo intervencionista, descritiva, quantitativa e prospectiva. Participaram 24 idosas de idade média 65,37 (± 5,76 anos), com autonomia cognitiva preservada, submetidas à avaliação cardiorrespiratória contendo os dados da manovacuometria, fluxometria expiratória e sinais vitais, além da avaliação da qualidade de vida pelo questionário SF-36. A seguir, foi aplicado um protocolo de quatro sessões de Pilates com duração de 60 minutos cada, perfazendo uma sequência de 27 exercícios, utilizando-se como recurso a faixa elástica de resistência forte. Após intervenção as idosas foram reavaliadas. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que em todos os domínios do SF-36 houve melhora da pontuação, porém, apenas os domínios Aspectos Emocionais (ρ = 0,03; Teste de Wilcoxon) e Vitalidade (ρ = 0,02; Teste t de Student, pareado) foram significativamente diferentes quando comparados antes e após intervenção. Em relação à avaliação cardiorrespiratória não houve diferença estatística significante nas variáveis analisadas. Conclui-se que o Pilates não teve influência sobre as variáveis cardiorrespiratórias, mas foi responsável pela melhora da qualidade de vida das idosas estudadas.
Objective This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of “biofeedback” (BF), electrostimulation (ES), and of the high-fiber diet associated with behavioral therapy in women with obstructed evacuation and paradoxical puborectalis contraction and to compare the results among these three modalities. Method Thirty-one women were evaluated who fulfilled the Rome III Criteria, and with an electromanometric test positive for the presence of contraction in the evacuation maneuver. These patients were randomized into three groups: group I – conventional treatment of constipation, group II – conventional treatment of constipation associated with biofeedback and group III – conventional treatment of constipation associated with electrostimulation. At the beginning of this study and after six weeks, subjective and objective parameters of the anorectal function were evaluated using the Wexner constipation scoring system, the Bristol scale, an visual analogical scale, and anorectal electromanometry. Results All patients demonstrated improvement in bowel satisfaction, stool frequency, effort and feeling of incomplete evacuation, stool-type modifications, and improvement in the quality of life. On examination, there was increased mean pressure of voluntary contraction in group III (p = 0.043), decreased sensitivity threshold in group II (p = 0.025) and III (p = 0.012) and decreased maximum rectal capacity in group II (p = 0.005). Only 19.4% (n = 6) had their dynamic defecation normalized, and 80.6% (n = 25) expressed clinical, non-instrumental, improvement. Conclusion The conventional treatment of constipation, biofeedback and electrostimulation show a significant subjective improvement in symptoms of obstructed evacuation and in quality of life, regardless of the reversal of the paradoxical puborectalis contraction.
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