In connection with the design of proposed nuclear power plants on the Lower Weser River and on the Lower Elbe River in Germany, tidal models were constructed and tests carried out at the Franzius-Institute of the Technical University of Hannover for the purpose of studying the mixing and spreading of the hot water discharge. Thermal-hydraulic models are today still the most reliable method for the prediction of temperature distributions in the total area of temperature increase, especially in tidal regions. Hydraulic models with free surface flow are in general based on the FROUDE scaling lav;. The flow fields in both the hydraulic model and in the prototype show a dynamic similitude when the FROUDE numbers of the flow in the model and in the nature are equal at corresponding points.
Near Brokdorf at the lower Elbe river (West Germany) a nuclear power plant is projected. The electric energy output shall be 1300 MWe; therefore the waste heat output will be about 2600 MWe. The maximum allowed temperature rise in the condenser amounts to 10 K. Accordingly the cooling water discharge is about 61 m /s in case of the provided once through cooling. For the purpose of the mixing and spreading of the discharged cooling water by mean tidal conditions and storm-tide conditions model tests have been carried out at the Franzius-Institut of the Technical University of Hannover.
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