A compact fiber ultrasound-sensing device comprising a commercially available Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) glass microsphere coupled to an open cavity off-core Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) fiber sensor is proposed and demonstrated. The open cavity is fabricated through splicing two segments of a single mode fiber (SMF-28) at lateral offsets. The lateral offset is matched to the radius of the microsphere to maximize their coupling and allow for an increased sensing response. Furthermore, the microsphere can be moved along the open-air cavity to allow for tuning of the reflection spectrum. The multiple passes of the FPI enabled by the high refractive index microsphere results in a 40 dB enhancement of finesse and achieves broadband ultrasound sensing from 0.1–45.6 MHz driven via a piezoelectric transducer (PZT) centered at 3.7 MHz. The goal is to achieve frequency detection in the MHz range using a repeatable, cost effective, and easy to fabricate FPI sensor design.
A compact fiber ultrasound-sensing device comprised of a Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) microsphere coupled to an open cavity off-core Fabry-Perot (FP) fiber sensor fabricated through lateral offset splicing single mode fiber (SMF-28) is proposed and demonstrated. The multiple passes of the FPI enabled by the high refractive index microsphere brought a 40dB enhancement of finesse. The broadband ultrasound sensing over 0.1- 45 MHz is achieved by selecting whispering gallery modes (WGMs) via varying microsphere position. The scattering and internal reflection of light in the microsphere is enabled by multibeam interference, leading to an increase in passages and WGMs at specific resonant wavelengths, and hence the high contrast and quality factor of the transmission spectrum are obtained for broadband ultrasound detection at high sensitivity. The optimized lateral offset is governed by the diameter of the microsphere to maximize the frequency response of the acoustic wave of a piezoelectric transducer centered at 3.7 MHz.
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