To evaluate the effect of weight lifting on intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods: Subjects performed 4 repetitions of a bench press exercise in 2 ways: in mode I (right eyes), the breath was held during the last repetition; in mode II (left eyes), subjects exhaled normally during the last repetition. The IOP was measured with an electronic tonometer during the fourth repetition in both modes while the subject sustained the exercise. Results: Mean IOP during exercise in mode I increased by 4.3±4.2 mm Hg (PϽ.001, paired t test; range, −3.6 to
Several studies have shown the effects of IOP reduction after practicing aerobic and anaerobic physical activities (1)(2)(3)(4) . The causes of such changes have been the target of many studies. An increase in lactic acid and in plasmatic osmolarity, and also a decrease in blood pH are considered the main causes of these IOP variations (5)(6) . Hyperventilation was also pointed out as a cause of IOP decrease after exercising (7) . An increase in IOP after the Valsalva maneuver was demonstrated when this maneuver was employed aiming to simulate weight lifting, but not weight lifting itself (8) . Marcus et al. have shown the effect of IOP reduction after isometric muscular contractions, as well as an inverse correlation with lactic acid and pH serum levels (9) . An IOP decrease was also found after physical exercises by employing isometric muscular contractions (in which the size of muscular fiber remains constant, while the tonus and the resistance against which the muscle works increase) and isokinetic muscular contractions (in which the size of the muscular fiber varies during the exercise, while the speed at which the exercise is made remains constant)(1) . Despite the above mentioned studies, there are no reports in the literature -as far as this author knows -on the variations of IOP after weight lifting itself (isotonic muscular work, in which the size of muscular fiber decreases during contraction and the speed of the exercise does not remain constant). P U R P O S ETo study IOP variations after isotonic exercise of weight lifting in the supine position, in hypertrophy work, by healthy male young individuals. Keywords: Intraocular pressure/etiology; Weight lifting; SportsThe accute effects of resistance exercise on intraocular p r e s s u r e Purpose: To study intraocular pressure (IOP) variations in healthy volunteers after weight lifting, in the supine position. Methods: A descriptive study was designed. Thirty-four individuals were preselected for this study, and a group of 25 volunteers fulfilled the inclusion criteria for joining the initial phase of this research. All of them were healthy without glaucoma. They were asked to lift an 85% top load in the supine position for 8 times. IOP was measured before and after the exercise. Student's t test was used to analyze the IOP variations. Results: A small, but significant IOP decrease (1.61 mmHg) was obtained after exposing 25 individuals (49 eyes) to a specific physical effort. Conclusions: After a session of weight lifting in the supine position with 85% top load for 8 repetitions, there is a small, but significant IOP decrease.
Urrets-Zavalia syndrome is a possible complication of TSCPC, as well as of other 360-degree thermal laser procedures.
ABSTRACT.Purpose: To determine whether conjunctival biopsy in the offspring of patients with exfoliation syndrome (XFS) can provide early diagnosis of the disease. Methods: Patients with XFS with or without glaucoma were invited to ask their sons and daughters over the age of 40 years to participate in the study. After a complete eye examination, those without clinically evident XFS underwent conjunctival biopsy. The specimens were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Results: A total of 17 sons and daughters (seven men, 10 women) of 17 patients were enrolled. Their mean age was 50.3 ± ± 8 years. Twelve specimens were negative and five presented precursor material evidence of typical exfoliation material. Conclusion: Evidence of early deposition of exfoliation material can be found in the conjunctiva of the middle-aged offspring of patients with XFS, substantiating the existence of a hereditary predisposition to this disease.
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