To put together a registry of the location of all existing outdoor gyms (OGs) in Santiago, Chile, and establish a profile of the users of these gyms. Methods: All OGs in Santiago located in public spaces were identified and geo-referenced, and an accessibility analysis of them was carried out. A total of 1,023 users of OGs were surveyed (71% men, average age 31.5 years old, SD =16.6), about the frequency of use of OGs, amount of time spent using them, transportation habits, motivation for usage, and their perceptions regarding their own health, among other questions. In addition, each person's neck circumference was measured. Results: There are 1,981 OGs in the city squares, sidewalks and parks, mostly located in poorest areas of the city. Most OG users live less than one kilometer away from an OG. Discussion: In line with international studies, this research demonstrates that OGs have positive collateral effects, as they not only contribute to users to increase their physical activity, but also because they attract people with sedentary lifestyles to make physical activity. This, in turn, might contribute to make urban areas more livable and safer, for they bring new "eyes to the street" and permit to use cities' under-occupied public spaces. Conclusion: The proliferation of outdoor gyms should be regarded as an opportunity for public health policies aimed at tackling the obesity problem and increasing the physical activity of people.
It is critical to understand how to accommodate the 'resilience thinking' approach in city planning, in order for urban environments to adapt to extreme natural events. This study explored from both a conceptual and applied perspective, whether or not the resilience thinking approach has been adressed in urban planning, using Mehuin, Chile, as a case study. The methodology involved a qualitative review of planning tools, in orden to analyze the extent to which urban resilience attributes (e.g. diversity and redundancy) are addressed in Mehuin's planning, documents, along with a quantitative evaluation of resilience dimensions (i.e. physical, environmental and social) for Mehuin's urban environment. Our fi ndings indicated that the environmental dimension has the greatest infl uence on the adaptive capacity of Mehuín; however, this is not addressed in the urban planning tools. These divergent results are further discussed with respect to the potential challenges that could arise in current planning science, as we know it. Key words: Resilience thinking, urban planning, tsunami RESUMENLa comprensión de cómo acomodar el "pensamiento resiliente" en la planifi cación de ciudades es fundamental para la adaptación de los entornos urbanos a eventos naturales extremos. Este estudio explora si el pensamiento resiliente se ha abordado en la planifi cación urbana, tanto desde la perspectiva conceptual como de la aplicada, utilizando Mehuín, Chile, como caso de estudio. La metodología se basa en: Una revisión cualitativa de las herramientas de planifi cación para analizar en qué medida los atributos de la resiliencia urbana (por ejemplo, la diversidad y la redundancia) se abordan en los documentos de planifi cación; y una evaluación cuantitativa de las dimensiones de la resiliencia del medio ambiente 1 We would like to acknowledge CONICYT Fondecyt
This paper analyzes the role of urban and regional planning in mitigating the impact of tsunamis in Chile, particularly in response to the tsunami of February 27, 2010. It examines the draft norms and policies to reduce the impact of tsunamis at the national level, as well as tsunami mitigation measures proposed in recent reconstruction plans by local councils. This paper shows that local regulations that mitigate the impact of tsunamis are being designed and developed in a weak national regulatory framework and are “improvised” at the local level. Therefore, a clear regulatory framework and set of urban polices is required in Chile at the national and local level to reduce vulnerability to tsunamis. The paper concludes with policy recommendations to mitigate the impact of tsunamis in Chile through urban and regional planning at the national and local level.
En la ciudad contemporánea el subsuelo juega un rol fundamental, constituyendo el sistema de raíces de nuestras ciudades. El subsuelo no es solo el soporte de las edifi caciones y sus fundaciones sino que alberga gran parte de la infraestructura que hace posible el correcto funcionamiento de las ciudades y además presenta un gran potencial para la creación de espacios habitables. Sin embargo, la ciudad del subsuelo es invisible desde la ciudad de la superficie y sólo está en el imaginario de sus habitantes de forma fragmentada. Esta ciudad subterránea existe bajo nuestros pies de forma desapercibida, no solo porque no se ve desde la superficie sino porque no existe un registro o una visualización que nos permita entenderla y darle sentido.
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