Radical retropubic prostatectomy provided long-term cancer control in 75% of patients with clinically localized prostate cancer and was effective in the majority of those with high risk cancer, including T2c or biopsy Gleason sum 8 to 10, or PSA greater than 20 ng./ml. Further research should address identifying patients who can safely avoid aggressive therapy.
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) can elicit potent antitumoral effects CD4 + and CD8 + T cells 7 days after virus injection. Howthat involve the recruitment of specific immune effector ever, splenocyte-derived cytotoxic T lymphocytes were not cells. We investigated the efficacy of a single injection of detected during the 14 days following treatment. Increased a recombinant adenovirus expressing murine IL-12 numbers of nitric oxide synthase-positive macrophages (AdmIL-12) directly into orthotopic mouse prostate carciwere seen in the AdmIL-12 treated group 7 days following nomas generated from a poorly immunogenic cell line (RMinjection. Systemic inhibition of natural killer cells with anti-9) derived from the mouse prostate reconstitution system. asialo-GM1 serum led to increased numbers of lung metSignificant growth suppression (Ͼ50% reduction of tumor astases in AdmIL-12-treated orthotopic tumors but did not weight) and increased mean survival time (23.4 to 28.9 affect local tumor growth. In this model system the antidays) were observed compared with controls. Suppression tumor effects of a single injection of adenovirus-mediated of pre-established lung metastases was also observed fol-IL-12 appears to be based to a large extent on the actilowing the injection of AdmIL-12 into the orthotopic tumor.vation of nitric oxide synthase in macrophages and possCytolytic natural killer cell activity was markedly enhanced ibly T cell activities, whereas the relatively early cytolytic 1-2 days after virus injection. Immunohistochemical analyactivity of natural killer cells are largely but not exclusively sis showed significantly elevated intratumoral infiltration of responsible for the antimetastatic effects.
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