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Mortality and morbidity rates related to vaccine-preventable meningococcal or pneumococcal infection could be reduced by one quarter with better implementation of immunisation programs. Such information could help enhance the perception of vaccine benefits and fight vaccine hesitancy.

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Key Points Question What are the prevalence, characteristics, and determinants of suboptimal care in the initial management of community-onset severe bacterial infections in children? Findings In this cohort study that included 259 children, suboptimal care before pediatric intensive care unit admission was frequent and was associated with severe sequelae in children with a community-onset severe bacterial infection. The youngest children and those initially cared for by a primary care physician were at increased risk of suboptimal care. Meaning These findings suggest that medical care could be optimized, especially for young children, by improving the preparedness of primary care physicians.