Utility companies in developing countries employ analog electrical meters to determine consumption and bill their customers accordingly. Obtaining an accurate reading is an expensive and time-consuming process. High consumption levels of water, energy, or gas are fined by the government; thus, it is necessary to develop tools that allow users to be informed about their consumption in real time. This paper proposes a new number recognition algorithm named the Hausdorff distance for meter reading (HD MR). Experiments prove that HD MR can achieve a 99.9% recognition rate, even when recognized numbers are under rotation. The maximum recognition time is 31 ms; hence, the proposed method proves to be effective and capable in real time for the task proposed.
The paper presents a testbed for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) located at Universidad del Norte in Barranquilla Colombia, created for testing different communication protocols in a real scenario with non-line of sight (NLOS) links and interference. The testbed uses XTend RF Modules at 900MHz, with 1 mW transmission power, and covers an area of 11,000 m 2 . Results show that the testbed has propagation characteristics difficult to reproduce in testbeds present in the literature. Experiments demonstrate testbed performance regarding path loss, average packet loss and number of duplicates. Despite poor performance of links in the network, percentage of successful packet reception in the sink node was 70%, using a controlled flooding protocol with 8 nodes. Testbed implemented is a real scenario for WSN applications where nodes are deployed randomly to cover a determined area. Given the radio employed, the testbed has the possibility of extending experiments to long range applications.
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