Durante o processo de envelhecimento ocorre uma série de mudanças fisiológicas, que podem influenciar no consumo alimentar dessa população, tais como: alteração no paladar, perda da capacidade funcional, bem como, aspectos psicológicos e sociais. Considera-se que a ingestão adequada de micronutrientes está associada a melhora da resposta imune e a prevenção de doenças, contribuindo assim para qualidade de vida da pessoa idosa. Avaliar o consumo alimentar de micronutrientes de idosos hospitalizados. Estudo transversal realizado com idosos, de ambos os sexos, internados na clínica médica de um hospital universitário em João Pessoa-PB, no período de agosto a outubro de 2021. Foram coletados dados clínicos, demográficos e antropométricos. Como instrumento de triagem foi utilizado a Mini avaliação nutricional (MAN), para a avaliação nutricional foram utilizados os indicadores índice de massa corporal, circunferência do braço e cincurferência da panturilha. Para avaliar o consumo alimentar aplicou-se o recordatório alimentar de 24 horas. Após a coleta, os dados foram tabulados em planilha do Software Microsoft Excel, utilizou-se técnicas de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Foi aplicado o teste qui-quadrado e t de Student, considerando diferença estatística quando o valor de p < 0,05. A amostra foi composta por 30 idosos, dos quais 56,6%, eram do sexo masculino, 65,4% apresentaram risco nutricional, segundo a MAN. Observou-se que houve prevalência de eutrofia (42,9%) seguida de baixo peso (32,1%). Quanto ao consumo de micronutrientes, observou-se que a ingestão média de cálcio, potássio, vitaminas D, E e B9 apresentaram-se abaixo do recomendado. Em contrapartida, o consumo médio de ferro, sódio, selênio, fósforo, vitaminas B1, B2 e B3 mostrou-se acima do recomendado, no entanto não ultrapassou o nível máximo de ingestão tolerável. Evidenciou-se algumas inadequações alimentares que podem ser revertidas com o estímulo à ingestão de alimentos ricos em nutrientes específicos, como vitaminas e minerais, e que assim, poderá haver uma melhor resposta ao tratamento clínico dos indivíduos.
Constipation is a common clinical condition in women, and the use of probiotics is indicated for the improvement of gastrointestinal functions. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a mix of 6 strains of probiotics (genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium) in women with symptoms of constipation. A randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled clinical trial was conducted with 84 women diagnosed with constipation (ROMA III criteria) who were followed for 6 weeks. 1-2x109 CFU of probiotics (intervention group) and 3-6g of maltodextrin (placebo group) were used. For comparison between groups, Pearson's chi-squared and Student's t tests (p≤0.05) were applied. In the intervention group, 38 women completed the study versus 31 in the placebo group. In the ROMA III criteria grouping, the placebo group showed an improvement in the 3rd and 4th weeks (p=0.033) when given two daily doses of the products. The number of bowel movements increased from ≤ 3-at baseline in both the intervention and control groups-to an average of 4.42±1.7 and 4.87±3.2 at week six, respectively, with no differences between weeks (p>0.05). There was an improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms and stool consistency over the period, the latter being significant at the 5th intervention week (p=0.039). It was concluded that despite the improvement in the number of bowel movements, stool consistency, gastrointestinal symptoms and the ROMA III criteria grouping, there were the group using probiotics was not superior to the placebo.
AIMS: To evaluate the concordance between three validated nutritional screening tools for pediatrics among themselves and the correlation with the anthropometric parameters of patients hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome.METHOD: Cross-sectional study with children and adolescents of both sexes hospitalized in the pediatric ward of a university hospital and diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Three nutritional screening instruments were applied: Screening of Risk for Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGkids), Paediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS) and Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP). Data on weight, height and upper arm perimeter was collected, and three nutritional screening tools were applied: The estimate of relative agreement between the instruments was evaluated with the weighted Kappa test and the correlations with anthropometric parameters were assessed with the Spearman’s Correlation Test.RESULTS: We evaluated 11 patients, with a minimum age of 2 years and a maximum of 10 years. Screening tools detected prevalence of medium and high nutritional risk. Moderate agreement (k=0.47) was observed between PYMS and STAMP and there was no correlation between the screening tools’ result and the anthropometric data. Regarding the anthropometric parameters, 100% of the participants had adequate weight for age, 63.6% of the participants were diagnosed with normal weight by the BMI/Age index and 81.8% had adequate height for age according to the index Height/Age. After analysis of the upper arm perimeter, 27.3% were at risk of malnutrition.CONCLUSIONS: Despite the fact that are no recommendations for use of pediatric nutritional screening tools specific to each clinical situation, two of the three screening tools analyzed in this study demonstrated moderate agreement between them. However, the tested tools did not reflect the anthropometric nutritional status of the evaluated population.
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