No abstract

Bruxism is a parafunctional habit of multifactorial origin, which causes functional disorders with severe clinical implications. This function may be related to emotional factors, anxiety, and to behavioral characteristics of the individual. The objective of this work was to evaluate the prevalence of bruxism during waking and sleep bruxism describing aspects related to anxiety. Determining the etiological factor is important for diagnosis and treatment, to improve the quality of life of patients with the habit. The present study reviewed the literature on the relationship between bruxism and anxiety, addressing the main ways of treating this dysfunction. The keywords “bruxism”, “anxiety”, “etiology” and “sleep bruxism” were used in the PubMed and VHL databases. The references that dealt with the subjects related to the proposed theme were chosen, published during the last 20 years. He observes that the approach and treatment of the patient with bruxism and anxiety must be multidisciplinary, and that the direct relationship between the two diseases is not easy to be determined, as there is no scientific evidence of sleep bruxism and bruxism in wake. Thus, the evidence elucidates that there is a need for well-designed studies. In addition, the forms of treatment available are numerous, and that to be effective, therapies must be multidisciplinary, depending on the determination of the etiological factors of the two pathologies, and on the assessment of the risks and benefits of each therapy for the patient to be treated.

Institutionalized elderly people usually have a different oral condition than the elderly population in general due to the association of several systemic diseases, in addition to poor oral health care. Chronic age-related illnesses, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes and depression, usually require the use of multiple drugs, a condition known as polypharmacy. This refers to the use of several medications daily. The present research aimed to verify the oral manifestations in gingiva, gingival ridge, as well as, in the other areas covered by epithelium resulting from polypharmacy in the elderly of a public shelter in Teresina - PI. In this study carried out between October / 2017 to April / 2018, 62 elderly people who met the stipulated inclusion criteria were evaluated, and the participants were institutionalized in a public shelter in Teresina - PI, who had the physical condition to open the oral cavity for the intraoral physical examination. , regardless of sex, education level, social class, who had chronic diseases and who used five or more drugs from different groups on a daily basis, thus characterizing polypharmacy. At the end of the analysis, there were nine elderly people who fit the research standards; they were subclassified according to the degree of the referred pathology and were made aware (patient and caregiver) about the magnitude of the problem and how to ponder and / or remove it. Polypharmacy was present in the entire sample studied and the main manifestations found were: gingival hyperplasia, gingivitis, ulcerations / erythematous areas, lingual coating, dry mouth and candidiasis.

The oromandibular limb hypogenesis syndromes (OLHS) represent a group of rare conditions characterized by congenital malformations involving the tongue, mandible, and limbs. In this report, we describe a newborn girl with paralysis of abducens and facial nerves, transverse agenesis of the distal segments of the limbs, micrognathia, cleft lip and palate, and ankyloglossia superior. This observation confirms an overlap between Moebius syndrome and ankyloglossia superior syndrome with severe limb defects. The etiology of the OLHS is not clearly understood. The intriguing link between facial and limb anomalies can result from their simultaneous development from the fourth to eighth week of gestation, making both areas susceptible to the same teratogenic stimuli. There is an overlap between OLHS conditions, supporting a clustering, rather than a divided nosology and requiring an appropriate classification of these conditions. Patients with OLHS can be successfully managed using a multidisciplinary approach.