This paper presents a method of automatic processing the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal for the classification of heart beats. Data were obtained from 48 records of the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database (only one lead). Five types of arrhythmic beats were classified using our method, Premature Ventricular Conduction beat (PVC), Atrial Premature Conduction beat (APC), Right Bundle Branch Block beat (RBBB), Left Bundle Branch Block beat (LBBB), and Paced Rhythm Beat (PRB), in addition to the Normal Beat (NB). A learning dataset for the neural network was obtained from a five records set (124, 214, 111, 100, and 107) which were manually classified using MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database Directory and documentation, taking advantage of the professional experience of a cardiologist. Feature set was based on ECG morphology and time intervals. Our system resulted in a minimal sensitivity of 86% and minimal specificity of 90%
Fluorescence spectroscopy is widely used for biomedical optical diagnosis and surgical resection of tumours. is work investigates laserinduced fluorescence spectroscopy of fluorescence inclusions that are embedded in turbid media. 405 nm laser diode is used for exciting buried protoporphyrin-(PpIX) based inclusions in brain-like optical phantoms. Effects of scattering and absorption of the turbid medium on the recorded fluorescence signal and depth-resolved fluorescence were studied. Results show that optical properties of the surrounding turbid medium influence the intensity of the fluorescence signal. Absorption coefficient of the surrounding medium is the major contributor to the fluorescent signal. Analysis of the recorded fluorescence spectra shows that the effect of absorption coefficient is larger than the effect of scattering coefficient on the fluorescence intensity by nearly fivefold. e findings indicate that the fluorescence signal could be used as a biomarker of optical property variations through different stages of malignancy. is can enhance the detectability of malignant tissue for diagnostic and surgical purposes as well.
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