Abstract.Composite materials are commonly used in many branches of industry. One of the effective meth ods to join CFRP parts is to use adhesives. There is a search of effective methods for quality assurance of bonded parts. There is a need for pre-and post-bond inspection to ensure proper bonding and verify its quality. Research reported here focuses on post-bond inspection of bonded CFRP parts. In this paper we report investigations of samples that were modified in order to simulate the conditions that can be encountered during the bonding repair processes. The modifications were made before adhesive bonding, and their effect on the quality of the bond is studied. The first case was the thermal treatment. It was made by exposure of samples to elevated temperatures. This case accounts for parts that may be exposed to external heat source or lightening impac t. Second of the investigated cases was deicing fluid contamination prepared by dip-coating of clean CFRP plates. When cleaning the aircraft for a repair this fluid can be transported to bonding areas and weaken the joint. The third type of modification was faulty curing of the adhesive. It was prepared by local pre-curing of the adhesive. Pre-curing causes irregularities in the curing of the adhesive joint. Apart from single modifications, also mixed cases were studied, as well as scarf bonding. The samples were studied in non-destructive approach. It was shown that for some of the cases the detection is possible.*pmalinowski@imp.gda.pl; phone +48 58 5225 174; fax +48 58 341 61 44; www.imp.gda.pl/en/o4/z1/
Composite materials are commonly used in many branches of industry. One of the effective methods to join CFRP parts is the adhesive bonding. There is a search of effective methods for quality assurance of bonded parts. There is a need for pre-and post-bond inspection to ensure proper bonding and verify its quality. Research reported here focuses on post-bond inspection of bonded CFRP parts. In this paper we report investigations of samples that were modified with contamination that can be encountered during the manufacturing process of the CFRP parts. The contaminations were introduced before adhesive bonding, and the effect of the contamination on the quality bond is studied. First of the investigated cases was release agent contamination prepared by dip-coating of clean CFRP plates. The release agent is used during the production of composite elements and can contaminate the surface to be bonded. The second case was the moisture contamination. It was obtained by conditioning of the samples in humid conditions. Moisture contamination can be gained from water-coupled ultrasonics or during transportation of unprotected parts. The third type of contamination had more local character. It simulated fingerprints. Artificial sweat was used. The fingerprint contamination can be caused by improper handling of the parts. Apart from single contamination, also mixed contamination cases were studied, as well as curved samples. The samples were studied in non-destructive approach. It was shown that for some of the cases the detection is possible.
Please use Adobe Acrobat Reader to read this book chapter for free. Just open this same document with Adobe Reader. If you do not have it, you can download it here. You can freely access the chapter at the Web Viewer here. Meningitis 66 Brandão, 2007). According to literature, although the NTM species involved in theaetiopathogenesis of meningitis include all four groups of the Runyon classification, those more commonly encountered are the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), Mycobacterium kansasii, M. bovis, M. abscessus, M. fortuitum and Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum, the latter being a nonpigmented, slow growing organism which belongs to Runyon group III and a part of the Mycobacterium terrae complex. It is reported that M. avium complex remains the most common organism causing systemic opportunistic bacterial infections in patients with HIV infection, carrying a higher mortality rate despite appropriate treatment, while M. kansasii meningitis is similar to M. tuberculosis meningitis. Therefore, when NTM are isolated in culture of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), they should not routinely be dismissed as contaminants but considered a significant finding (Cegielski &
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