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We consider the possibility of a complete real-time analysis of the polarization state of light using two types of polarization-holographic grating that decompose the light analyzed into orthogonal circular and orthogonal linear bases. It is shown that it is possible to determine the ellipticity, the direction of rotation, and the azimuth of the polarization ellipse of light by the measurement of the intensity of the diffraction orders by the obtained formulas. The possibility of creating gratings that give an orthogonal linear basis on actual polarization-sensitive materials is shown. A comparison of the experimental results with the theory is given.

The phenomenon of vector photochromism was observed in some high-efficient polarization-sensitive materials depending on the radiant exposure of the inducing linearly polarized actinic light. The phenomenon has the purely vector nature because the absorption of the irradiated and unirradiated areas of the material is practically identical when we use unpolarized probing light. However, an essential change in the absorption spectrum was observed under probing the sample by linearly polarized nonactinic light when it passes through an analyzer, and this change depends on the value of radiant exposure. The kinetics of the photoanisotropy induced by linearly polarized actinic light at 457 nm was studied in case of wavelengths of 532 and 635 nm of the probing beam. The noticeable difference in absorbance was observed with increase in radiant exposure from 60  J/cm² up to 250  J/cm² for the used wavelengths of the probing beam. The experimental results obtained in polarization-sensitive material based on the ammonium salt of the azodye Mordant pure yellow in a gelatin matrix are presented. The dependence of the effective anisotropy on the material thickness has been investigated. The mechanism of the phenomenon is discussed. The observed effect can be used for creating dynamic polarization spectral filters controlled by light and the spectrally selective dynamic polarization holographic gratings.

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Highlights  We found the effect of photoinduced changes in the spectral properties of the material within the entire visible range.  The further investigation of this vector polyphotochromic effect is presented.  Phenomenon is related to the photoelastic interference quenching of probing beams.  We prove the relationship between the chemical composition and material optical properties.

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In order to obtain a polarization sensitive materials with improved characteristics, there was conducted intensify interaction between the components of recording media through the interaction between the molecular electrostatic forces. For creating materials there were used various organic dyes capable of photochemical geometric isomerization under the influence of actinic polarized light with a wavelength closed to the maximum of the absorption spectrum of each dye. Various polarization sensitive materials have been synthesized based on the polar water-soluble components. Substantial improvement photoanisotropic characteristics of these materials are revealed due to previously added ionizing functional groups in the chromophoric components. It is shown particular exemplary embodiment of synthesis the materials composed of dyes which communicate with certain polymers via dipole-ionic bonds. The research data of medium properties on their base have been brought up for the consideration. In the same way photoanisotropic materials are created on basis of various polar polymer matrixes which separate macromolecules are capable of establishing dipole-dipole bonds with each other. Thanks to this circumstance a supplementary number of polymer fragments which cannot afford direct connection with dye molecules are also able to get drawing into the photoanisotropy inducting processes. It is displayed the influence of such interactions on material kinetics and value of attainable photoanisotropy. A capability of achievement extremely high values of photoanisotropy is produced on the material samples based on the dyes with expanded number of ionized substituent.