An increase in cotton yarn strength was the unexpected result obtained in a number of mills when card speeds were raised. This phenomenon—as reported by Professor Dunlap, who is supervisor of the research program being carried out by the Southern Textile Association and the Arkwrights under sponsorship of the Textile Foundation—was discussed briefly in the January issue of TEXTILE RESEARCH. Following is a more detailed report of some of the tests and the results obtained.UNDER the present emergency, cotton manufacturers have been considering all possible ways and means of increasing production without a sacrifice of quality. One possibility suggested was the speeding up of the cards. In this connection there were two questions to be answered : (1) Can cards be operated effciently at speeds greater than the commonly accepted maximum of 1.6r .p.m. ~ (2) Can yarn be produced at these increased speeds without sacrifice of quality? In an effort to answer the foregoing questions arrangements were made with fifteen different cotton mills, scattered over the southern states, to conduct comparative tests on card cylinder speeds.
The following report, which covers the possibility of increasing the production of cotton cards, should be of particular value to the managements of cotton mills at this time when the capacity of the equipment is overtaxed because of war requirements. It would also seem reasonable that the principles set forth may be applicable to the carding of staple rayon. This is the first complete report on studies conducted under the direction of the Applied Research A progress report has been recently issued covering some of the material included in this article. However, in the course of finishing the study it has been possible to draw several important conclusions affecting the overall picture which were not justified at the time the progress report was issued. Additional results have now been summarized and, of course, the data provided are much more complete.The cotton carding capacity of the country, although in balance with other yarn manufacturing equipment for peacetime requirements, is inadequate for the manufacture of heavy volumes of military . fabrics. The greater predominance of the coarser yarns needed in wartime requires an increase in carding capacity in proportion to spinning equipment. Therefore any increase in the productivity of existing carding equipment should be reflected in direct increase in the country's yan1 production, as long as the production increase is not accompanied by significant lowering of the quality of the types of yarns used in military products.
This preliminary report on a cotton blanket for cover ing the squeeze rolls on the slasher gives the result of several months experimentation in which four leading cotton weaving mills in the Southeast cooperated with the Southern Textile Association, the Arkwrights, and the Textile Foundation.
Results of increasing cylinder speed of cotton cards equipped with regular wire clothing were reported in the April, 1942, issue of TEXTILE RESEARCH. Following is a supplementary report covering results in a mill having cards equipped with metallic clothing. These tests com prise part of the practical research which is being carried out by the Southern Textile Association and the Ark wrights under sponsorship of the Textile Foundation, Professor Dunlap is research supervisor.
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