The method in which tritium oxide acts as a tracer in the determination of water solubility in hydrocarbons has been used for the measurement of the solubility of water in a number of paraffinic, olefinic, and diolefinic hydrocarbons. The effect of temperature, pressure, size of hydrocarbon molecule, and the constitutive factors have been studied. Solubilities were determined in the temperature range from 5° to 30°C at pressures from 1 to 6 atmospheres.

The activities of iron synthetic ammonia catalysts and of tungsten filaments in promoting the reaction between N230 and N228 have been studied in the range from room temperature to 725°C with iron and to 900° on tungsten. In contrast to the exchange reaction of molecular hydrogen isotopes, the exchange reaction of nitrogen molecules is very slow, first measurable above 450°C. The reaction is accelerated by the presence of hydrogen. The evidence indicates that the exchange involves, as the slow process, either the rupture of valence bonds of absorbed molecular nitrogen on the surface or migration of nitrogen atoms over the surface, and that hydrogen accelerates such processes. The temperature coefficient of exchange in a N2 : 3H2 mixture is ∼50 kcal. The data suggest that measurements of the velocity of nitrogen adsorption at ca. 400°C on synthetic ammonia catalysts are measurements of true activated adsorption.

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A new method for determination of the solubility of water in hydrocarbons is based on the use of radioactive hydrogen isotope, tritium, as tracer for the dissolved water. This method is applicable to the determination of the solubility of water in compounds in which it is sparingly soluble.