Rasskazov L.N., Bestuzheva A.S., Sainov M.P., CHernysh A.S., Francesco Castelli and many others were engaged in studies of the stability of slopes under seismic impact. The paper considers numerical methods for assessing the seismic stability of embankment dams in a flat and three-dimensional problems in two ways: a direct dynamic method and a pseudo-static method. Several simulation cases are considered in a flat problem on a test problem using soil properties taken from a real site of an operating hydroelectric power plant. During the simulation, the following main simulation cases were considered: the natural stability; calculation without static components; calculation with static components; impact of free vibrations; calculation with full accelerogram; calculation with static deformation properties of soils; calculation with dynamic deformation properties of soils; calculation with undrained strength of soils; pseudostatic method. The analysis of the results showed that the calculation of the seismic stability of an embankment dam by the direct dynamic method gives the results that are closest to reality, in contrast to the pseudo-static calculation method.
The task of the interaction of the sand and gravel drain pile with the surrounding loam soil after its preliminary deep compaction and formation of the composite ground cylinder from the drain pile and surrounding compacted loam soil (cells) is considered in the article. It is seen that the subsidence and carrying capacity of such cell considerably depends on physical and mechanical properties of the compacted drain piles and surrounding loam soil as well as their diameter and intercellular distance. The strain-stress state of the cell is considered not taking into account its component elements, but taking into account linear and elastic-plastic properties of the drain pile and creep flow of the surrounding loam soil. It is stated that depending on these properties the distribution and redistribution of the load on a cell takes place from the foundation raft between the drain pile and surrounding soil. Based on the results of task solving the formulas and charts are given demonstrating the ratio of the load between the drain pile and surrounding loam soil in time.
Construction of industrial and civil buildings, taking into account the dynamic effects on the foundations, requires special experiments on the mechanical properties of soils. This article presents the results of studying the dynamic properties of coarse gravelly soils using the resonant column method. These studies are relevant, since the determination of the dynamic properties of coarse-grained soils under laboratory conditions is associated with a restriction on the size of the fractions in the sample volume. This circumstance leads to the fact that at the moment most of the laboratory tests of the dynamic properties of coarse-grained soils are performed on smaller aggregate fractions, which, in general, significantly reduces the resulting mechanical properties of soils. It does not reflect the real operation of the foundation of buildings during dynamic effects. This paper presents a description of the available laboratory equipment, the sequence of preparation of samples of coarse grained crushed stone soil and sample assembly in the working chamber of the installation. The article contains the main graphs characterizing the change in shear modulus and damping coefficient depending on shear deformations. It is noted that the results obtained are particularly relevant for modeling the dynamic effects of natural and man-made character on the foundations of industrial and civil buildings, the bases of which are composed of coarse-grained soils. Dynamic parameters considered in this paper, can and must be used in numerical calculations by finite element method with the use of modern groundwater models in geotechnical software systems.
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